新发展格局下深圳完善要素市场体系研究

Research on Perfecting the Factor Market System in Shenzhen Under the New Development Pattern

完善要素市场体系对我国进一步深入参与全球产业链、供应链至关重要。在新冠疫情全球蔓延、“逆全球化”思潮涌动、中美贸易摩擦加剧等外部因素作用下,要素资源流动、集聚和培育方式呈现新趋势、新特征。国内外政治经济结构正发生深刻变化,外部不确定性加大叠加内部自身短板,使深圳要素市场体系建设面临前所未有的挑战。而我国“一带一路”倡议实施、粤港澳大湾区建设、中央赋予深圳建设中国特色社会主义先行示范区综合改革试点的新使命以及价值链重构又为深圳带来新机遇。新发展格局蕴含着要素市场建设新要求,深圳完善要素市场体系有如下几个要点:提升人才要素集聚能级;增强金融要素市场功能;以体制机制创新突破核心关键技术垄断;激发土地要素市场活力;培育数据要素潜能等。最后,深圳建设要素市场体系是一项系统工程,人才要素市场、金融要素市场、技术要素市场、土地要素市场和数据要素市场各有不同的功能与作用,它们相互区别又相互支持,协同发展共同构成深圳要素市场体系建设的关键。

Perfecting the factor market system is very important for China to further participate in the global industrial chain and supply chain. With the surging trend of “anti-globalization”, the deepening trade friction between China and the United States, and the global economic development trend of the global spread of COVID-19 epidemic, the flow, agglomeration and cultivation of factor resources are showing new trends and features. The political and economic structure at home and abroad is undergoing profound changes, and the external uncertainty is increasing and the internal shortcomings are superimposed, which makes the construction of Shenzhen factor market system face unprecedented challenges. The implementation of “the belt and road initiative”, the construction of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the new mission entrusted by the central government to Shenzhen Comprehensive Reform Experimental Zone and the reconstruction of value chain have brought new opportunities to Shenzhen. The new development pattern contains new requirements for Shenzhen’s factor market, and the path to perfect the factor market system in Shenzhen has the following points: strengthening the concentration level of talent factors;Enhance the market function of financial factors;Break through the monopoly of core key technologies with institutional mechanism innovation;Stimulate the vitality of land factor market;Cultivate the potential of data elements, etc. Finally, the construction of Shenzhen’s factor market system is a systematic project. Talent factor market, financial factor market, technical factor market, land factor market and data factor market have different functions and roles, which are different from each other and support each other. The coordinated development together constitutes the key point of Shenzhen’s factor market system construction.