安徽省鸡肉、鸡蛋和鸡内脏中重金属污染状况调查分析

Investigation and analysis of heavy metal pollution in chicken,eggs and viscera in Anhui Province

目的 研究安徽省鸡肉、鸡蛋和鸡内脏组织中的重金属的污染状况,为食品安全风险监测、引导饮食提供一定依据。方法 随机采集2019年安徽省各地市鸡肉、鸡蛋、鸡肝和鸡胗样品,检测重金属元素砷(As)、铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、铬(Cr)、汞(Hg)的含量,并结合中国居民食物消费量调查数据,将居民膳食中各重金属暴露量结合健康指导值进行简单分析。结果 此次研究的鸡肉、鸡蛋、鸡肝、鸡胗样品各重金属检出率不同,合格率为100%;同一重金属元素(除Pb外)在鸡肉、鸡蛋、鸡胗和鸡肝中含量差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同重金属元素的含量差异有统计学意义(χ~2=17.13,P<0.05);重金属在内脏中含量高于鸡肉和鸡蛋,其中Cr含量最高,Pb次之;安徽省人群鸡肉、鸡蛋和鸡内脏中各重金属暴露量远低于其健康指导值。结论 安徽省鸡肉、鸡蛋和鸡内脏对重金属元素的累积能力不同,重金属在内脏中更容易累积,安徽省鸡肉、鸡蛋和内脏中重金属的含量较低,人群膳食暴露量较低,对人体健康产生危害的风险相对较小。

Objective To investigate the pollution of heavy metals in chicken,eggs and chicken viscera in Anhui province,and to provide a basis for food safety risk monitoring and dietary guidance.Methods Chicken,eggs,chicken liver and gizzard were randomly sampled around the cities in Anhui Provinceof in 2019.Heavy metal element arsenic(As),lead(Pb),cadmium(Cd),chromium(Cr),mercury(Hg) contents were detected.Health risk was calculated combining the exposure levels of heavy metals and the Chinese residents’ food consumption survey data.Results The detection rates of heavy metals in chicken,egg,liver and gizzard samples were different,and the qualified rate was 100%.The contents of the same heavy metal(except Pb) in chicken,egg,chicken gizzard and chicken liver were significantly different(P<0.05),and the contents of different heavy metal were significantly different (χ~2=17.13,P<0.05).The content of heavy metals in viscera was higher than that in chicken and eggs,and Cr content was the highest,followed by Pb.The exposure of heavy metals in chicken,eggs and chicken offal in Anhui province was far lower than the health guidance value.Conclusion The accumulation capacity of heavy metals in chicken,eggs and chicken viscera in Anhui Province is different,and heavy metals are more easily accumulated in viscera.The content of heavy metals in chicken,eggs and viscera in Anhui Province is low,the dietary exposure of the population is low,and the risk to human health is relatively small.