2020年贵阳市城区部分集贸市场即食食品微生物污染情况调查

Investigation on microbial contamination of ready-to-eat food in some urban markets of Guiyang in 2020

目的了解集贸市场即食食品微生物污染情况,分析食源性沙门菌菌株生物学特征,评价食品卫生状况及致病风险。方法随机选取人群消费较集中的5家大型集贸市场,按照国家食品安全标准对其售卖的即食食品进行食品微生物检测,同时对沙门菌血清型、抗生素耐药性及PFGE聚类进行分析。结果131份即食食品中大肠菌群检出率62.59%(82/131),并检出了沙门菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等致病微生物。沙门菌血清型多样,其PFGE图谱较分散,菌株出现多重耐药。结论即食食品卫生状况普遍较差,生肉食品中检测出沙门菌,容易与即食食品发生交叉污染而引发食源性疾病,应加强即食食品及生肉制品的管理。

Objective To evaluate the food hygiene status and risk of disease,the microbial contamination of ready-toeat food in market was investigated,and the biological characteristics of foodborne Salmonella strains was analyzed.Methods The ready-to-eat food sold in 5 large markets with concentrated consumer population were randomly selected for food microbiological detection according to national food safety standards,and Salmonella serotypes,antibiotic resistance and PFGE molecular typing were analyzed.Results The detection rate of coliform bacteria in 131 ready-to-eat foods was 62.59%(82/131).Salmonella,Bacillus cereus,Staphylococcus aureus and other pathogenic microorganisms were detected,and a variety of Salmonella serotypes were detected.The PFGE pattern was scattered,and the strains showed multiple drug resistance.Conclusion The hygienic status of ready-to-eat food was generally poor.Salmonella was detected in raw meat,which was easy to cause foodborne diseases by cross contamination in ready-to-eat food.Management of ready-to-eat food and raw meat products should be strengthened.