2017—2018年中国大城市成年居民蛋类食物消费状况分析

Analysis of egg consumption among adult residents of large cities in China from 2017 to 2018

目的 了解2017—2018年我国大城市成年居民蛋类食物消费状况,为制定营养健康政策提供科学依据。方法 数据来源于“2017—2018年中国居民食物消费状况调查”,采用多阶段分层与人口成比例的整群随机抽样方法,在我国18个省(自治区、直辖市)33个大城市选取12 173名18岁及以上成人作为研究对象。利用非连续3 d24 h回顾调查数据,分析研究对象蛋类食物消费率和消费量,采用χ~2检验与秩和检验比较消费率和消费量的差异。结果 2017—2018年我国大城市成年居民蛋类食物消费率为72.9%(8 875/12 173),全人群蛋类食物平均消费量为28.1 g/d(P25:0,P50:20.5 g/d,P75:43.9 g/d,P95:78.3 g/d),消费人群平均消费量为38.6 g/d(P25:17.6 g/d,P50:33.3 g/d,P75:51.3 g/d,P95:86.9 g/d)。高文化程度、高家庭收入和东部地区的居民,蛋类食物的消费率和消费量较高。蛋类食物消费低于膳食推荐摄入量(40 g/d)的人群比例为71.5%(8 705/12 173),满足推荐摄入量(40~50 g/d)的人群比例为9.9%(1 201/12 173)。结论 蛋类食物在我国大城市成年居民中的消费较为普遍,但人均消费量相对不足。建议针对蛋类食物的营养知识进行宣教科普,适量提高我国居民蛋类食物的消费量。

Objective To provide the scientific basis for nutrition and health policy,the egg consumption among adult residents of large cities in China from 2017 to 2018 was analyzed.Methods Samples were chosen from China Food Consumption Survey(2017—2018).12,173 participants aged 18 years old and above were included in the final analysis.Three non-consecutive 24 h within 3 d recalls were used to collect dietary consumption data.The rate of egg consumption and total egg consumption were calculated.Chi-square test and non-parametric test were used to compare the differences of the consumption rate and consumption,respectively.Results The overall consumption rate of egg among adult residents of large cities in China from 2017 to 2018 was 72.9%(8 875/12 173).The average consumptions of egg among urban adults in 18 provinces of China from 2017 to 2018 were 28.1 g/d(P25:0,P50:20.5 g/d,P75:43.9 g/d,P95:78.3 g/d),and 38.6 g/d(P25:17.6 g/d,P50:33.3 g/d,P75:51.3 g/d,P95:86.9 g/d) in the consumers.Highly educated and high income adults and adults in the eastern region were more likely to consume egg and had higher intake of egg.9.9%(1 201/12 173) of the adults consumed more eggs than the Chinese dietary reference intake(40 g/d),while the consumption of 71.5%(8 705/12 173) of the adults were lower than the reference.Conclusion Egg is common among the diet of Chinese urban adults,while the consumption is insufficient.Actions should be taken to promote the intake of egg in China.