唐代以来我国女子家庭教育的多样属性

Diverse Attributes of Girls’Family Education in China since the Tang Dynasty

近代以来,“女子无才便是德”成为关于古代女子教育的一种刻板印象。实际上,中国古代女子的家庭教育是丰富多样的。自唐代之后,敦煌文献以及诗词、小说等文献中保存了更为具体的女子家庭教育内容。不同家庭的女子既要面对“重男轻女”的氛围,又享受“千金小姐”的优待。从更为详细的古代文献中可以看到,自唐宋至明清时期,大部分家庭在有条件的情况下,普遍会为家中的女孩子提供基本的教育。

In modern times,the stereotype that“a woman’s lack of talent is her virtue”is sometimes superimposed on the history of education of women in ancient times.In reality,the family education of women in ancient China was characterized by a rich diversity;specific references to women’s family education have been preserved in Dunhuang documents,poems and novels from the Tang Dynasty the present.Women in different families were subjected to a‘patriarchal’atmosphere while at the same time enjoying the privileges of being a‘golden girl’.The more detailed ancient texts show that from the Tang and Song dynasties to the Ming and Qing dynasties,it was common for most families to provide a basic education for the girls in their families when they were able to do so.