磁敏弹性膜的研制、性能表征及应用研究进展

Research Progress on the Preparation,Characterization,and Application of Magnetoactive Films

磁敏弹性膜是一种新型的智能材料,其力学、电学、磁学、声学等性质能够受外加磁场的控制,从而在多个领域展现在广泛的应用前景.论文首先从材料设计、制备工艺、结构设计等方面综述了磁敏弹性膜的研制方法,随后详细阐述了磁敏弹性膜的力学、电磁、声学等性能表征及内部机理,最后介绍了磁敏弹性膜在传感器、执行器、柔性机器人等领域的应用,在上述基础上,展望了磁敏弹性膜的发展,也提出了面临的问题及挑战.

Magnetoactive films are a kind of novel smart materials,whose mechanical,electrical,magnetic,and acoustic properties can be controlled by an external magnetic field.Thus,magnetoactive films show wide application prospects in several fields.This paper focuses on the preparation,property characterization,and application of magnetoactive films.First,the preparation methods of magnetoactive films are summarized from the aspects of material design,preparation process,and structural design.The results show that the saturation magnetization of magnetoactive films is closely related to the types and content of doped magnetic particles.The elastic modulus of the matrix is the main factor that affects the elastic modulus of magnetoactive films.Then,the mechanical,electromagnetic,and acoustic performance characterization is systematically elaborated.Magnetoactive films exhibit excellent deformation properties when subjected to a magnetic field.Meanwhile,magnetoactive films show outstanding magnetic and electric performances.The stiffness of magnetoactive films can be controlled by the external magnetic field,and magnetoactive films show excellent acoustic properties.Finally,the applications of magnetoactive films are enumerated in the fields of sensors,actuators,flexible robots,etc.Due to the excellent softness,stretchability,and magnetic field controllability,magnetoactive films can be used as sensing devices for magnetic field,force,and deformation detection.Moreover,magnetoactive films may be an ideal material for actuators due to the morphological changeability under the external magnetic field.Furthermore,magnetoactive films show great potential in soft robots,such as moving soft robots,grippers,medical soft robots,etc.In addition,high-performance acoustic,adsorption,and biomedical devices can be developed by making full use of the deformation properties of magnetoactive films.In summary,the development,problems,and challenges of magnetoactive films are prospected.The external magnetic field can control the shape and characteristics of magnetoactive films,resulting in broad applications of magnetoactive films in acoustics,electromagnetics,biomedicine,etc.Although many studies have been carried out,there are still some problems to be solved in the future,such as the fabrication of ultra-thin or large-size magnetoactive films,and improvement in the mechanical properties of magnetoactive films,especially under a high strain rate.More research should be done to achieve practical applications of magnetoactive films.