论《贝奥武甫》中氏族共同体的冲突轮回与命运危机

The Conflict Recurrence and Fate Crisis of Tribal Communities in Beowulf

英国文学的开山之作《贝奥武甫》生动描写了主人公为保卫百姓的生命财产同恶魔殊死搏斗而壮烈牺牲的英勇事迹,通篇折射出古代族群的“命运”意识和“共同体”理念,从而为英国文学中的“命运共同体”表征开了先河。同时,这部令英国人引以为豪的民族史诗不仅反映了盎格鲁撒克逊时期氏族共同体的结合机制、生存方式和价值观念,而且深刻揭示了氏族社会的顽瘴痼疾,即部落族群旷日持久的冲突轮回与命运危机。显然,作者对氏族社会的动荡与危机的表征构成了审美客体和认识论评价体系。本文旨在探讨《贝奥武甫》中氏族共同体的冲突轮回与命运危机的性质与特征,并借鉴现代社会学、政治学和经济学理论视角对这两个核心主题加以阐释。

Beowulf,the first great work of English literature,in its vivid description of the hero s life-and-death struggle against the evil monsters to protect his people,profoundly reveals the ideas of“fate”and“community”,thus initiating the representation of“the community with a shared future”in the history of English literature.Proudly claimed by the British people,this national epic not only reflects the social mechanism,way of living and idea of values of tribal communities during the Anglo-Saxon period,but also discloses such serious social maladies as the continuous conflict recurrence and fate crisis of the time.Obviously,the poet s representation of the chaos and crisis of tribal communities forms both the aesthetic object and the basis of epistemological criticism.This article is intended to explore the essence and characteristics of the conflict recurrence and fate crisis of tribal communities in Beowulf,and analyze the two central themes from modern sociological,political and economic perspectives.