10—14世纪丝绸之路上的佛教思想与汉文化认同——以高昌回鹘佛教文献为中心的考察

Buddhist Thoughts and Han Cultural Identity on the Silk Road in the 10th-14th Centuries:A Study on the Chotscho Uygur Buddhist Literature

10—14世纪高昌回鹘国的佛教思想以中原大乘佛教思想文化为主体,体现在对心性论思想的重视、对净土信仰的推崇、“三教合一”和佛教世俗化、简易化思潮的流行等方面。高昌回鹘的佛教文化在整体上是宋元中国佛教文化及汉文化的重要组成部分,高昌回鹘对中原佛教文化的认同极大推进了其与中原地区的民族和文化认同,以及多元一体中华文化的进一步发展。同时,高昌回鹘佛教思想及其文化认同也是10—14世纪丝绸之路佛教文化的重要特征。

From the 10th to 14th century,the main body of Buddhist thought in the Chotscho Uigurs was Mahayana Buddhist thought and culture in the Central Plains.It is embodied in the following aspects:the importance attached to Buddhist inwardness theory,the worship of the Pure Land,the integration of the Three Religions,and the popularity of the secularization and simplification of Buddhism.As a whole,the Buddhist culture of Chotscho Uygur was an important part of Chinese Buddhist culture in the Song and Yuan Dynasties and culture in the Han Dynasty.The recognition of the Buddhist culture of the Central Plains by Chotscho Uigur greatly promoted its national and cultural identification with the Central Plains as well as the further development of diversified Chinese culture.At the same time,Chotscho Uygur Buddhist thought and its cultural identity are also the important characteristics of the Buddhist culture on Silk Road in the 10th-14th century.