孕期贫血对出生结局及婴幼儿发育的影响

Effect of anemia during pregnancy on birth outcome and infant development

目的探讨孕期贫血对妊娠结局和婴幼儿体格发育的影响。方法调查收集绍兴市妇幼保健院产检并分娩的1604例孕产妇孕早、晚期血红蛋白检验数据及新生儿出生结局情况,并追踪其3、6及12月龄身长和体质量,并对6月龄儿童进行血红蛋白检测及记录。结果孕早、晚期贫血率为11.72%、14.71%。孕早期贫血组其早产儿发生率大于非贫血组(χ^(2)=309.919,P<0.001),孕晚期是否贫血对早产发生率的影响差异无统计学意义。孕晚期贫血产妇所生婴儿6月龄贫血率高于孕晚期非贫血组(P<0.05),孕早期贫血与其6月龄婴儿贫血差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。孕早、晚期是否贫血对其婴儿出生体质量、分娩方式的影响差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),对婴儿期的生长发育差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论孕期妇女贫血与不良妊娠结局和婴儿期贫血相关,与体格发育生长无明显关系。

Objective To investigate the effect of anemia in pregnancy on the outcome of pregnancy and growth in infants.Methods 1 604 cases of infants were collected from the Children’s Health Care Department of Shaoxing Maternal and Child Health Hospital to analysis of the date of anemia pregnancy and the birth outcome.The length and weight of infants at 3, 6 and 12 months were followed up, and the hemoglobin of 6 months old children was recorded.Results the prevalence of anemia at early and late pregnancy was 11.72% and 14.71%.The incidence of premature birth in the anemia group in early pregnancy was higher than that in the non-anemia group(χ^(2)=309.919,P<0.001).There was no significant of late anemia pregnancy on the incidence of premature birth.The anemia rate of 6 month infants whose mother with anemia at early apregnancy was higher than that with normal at late apregnancy(P<0.05), but it was no significance between whether anemia in the early pregnancy(P>0.05).Anemia in early and late pregnancy had no significant effect on birth weight and birth outcome(P>0.05), also had no significant effect on growth and development of infants(P>0.05).Conclusion Anemia during pregnancy was associated with birth outcome and anemia in infancy, but hade no significant relationship between the growth and physical development in infants.