废弃矿井抽水蓄能面临的关键问题与对策思考

Key problems and countermeasures of abandoned mine pumped storage

为向低碳清洁能源转型,我国风、光等新能源高速发展,新型电力系统对调节电源的需求更加迫切,抽水蓄能逐渐成为储能技术开发与利用的热点。本文在系统梳理抽水蓄能电站技术研究现状的基础上,从电站选址、库容计算、地下空间改造及安全运维四个视角分析了废弃矿井抽水蓄能电站建设面临的主要难题;从工程角度提出亟待研究解决的四项关键技术:地上水库安全性评价方法与治理技术、地下水库库容计算模型及调蓄技术、地下水库损伤变形机理及加固技术、二次开挖地下结构变形失稳机制及治理技术。利用废弃矿井遗留的大量地下空间资源建设抽水蓄能电站,有助于构建清洁低碳能源体系,增强能源供给稳定性。

To make the transition to clean energy, China’s new energy sources such as wind energy and light energy are developing at a high speed and the new power system has a more urgent demand for regulating power supply. Pumped storage has gradually become a hot spot in the development and utilization of energy storage technology. On the basis of systematically combing the current research situation of pumped storage, this paper analyzed the main problems existing in the construction of pumped storage power stations using abandoned mines from the four perspectives: Power station location, storage capacity calculation, underground space transformation, and safe operation and maintenance. From the perspective of engineering technology, four key technologies that needed to be solved urgently were put forward: The safety evaluation method and governance technology of underground reservoir, the storage capacity calculation model and regulation technology of underground reservoir, the damage deformation mechanism and reinforcement technology of underground reservoir, and the deformation instability mechanism and governance technology of the secondary excavation underground structure. The construction of pumped storage power stations by using large amount of underground space resources left over by abandoned mines is conducive to building a clean low-carbon energy system and enhancing the stability of energy supply.