楠木溃疡病病原菌生物学特性及防治药剂筛选研究

Biological Characteristics and Screening of Fungicide for Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae Associated with Phoebe spp.Canker

【目的】明确楠木溃疡病病原菌生物学特性,筛选出林间病害防治有效的杀菌剂。【方法】以强致病菌株假可可毛色二孢Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae SCMN-BB-8为研究对象,进行病原菌生物学特性和杀菌剂室内抑菌效果测定,开展室内筛选药剂林间防治试验。【结果】菌株以PSA培养基(pH 7.0)在30℃进行培养最有利于菌丝生长,最适碳源为蔗糖或葡萄糖,最适氮源为硝酸钠和硝酸钙,光照对菌株菌丝生长影响不大;分生孢子最适萌发温度为30℃,与相对湿度密切相关;筛选出咯菌腈、甲基硫菌灵和氟硅唑3种室内外抑菌效果较好的杀菌剂。【结论】明确了楠木溃疡病病原菌株生物学特性,筛选出防效较好的杀菌剂,为该病害监测预报和防治工作奠定基础。

【Objective】The purpose of this research was to clarify the biological characteristics and screen effective fungicides for guiding disease control practice scientifically.【Method】Biological characteristics of strain L.pseudotheobromae SCMN-BB-8 were taken and the effects of fungicides were measured indoor and outdoor in this study.【Result】The optimal conditions for mycelium growth were potato sugar agar with pH 7.0 cultivated at 30℃,the suitable carbon source was sucrose or glucose,the suitable nitrogen source was sodium nitrate or calcium nitrate,and illuminance had no significant effect on hyphae growth.Conidium germination had a positive correlation with relative humidity,and conidium under the circumstance with high humidity and temperature at 30℃contributed to germination.Fungicides such as cloxynil,flusilazole and thiophanate-methyl that chosen had obvious inhibitory effects on the pathogen indoor and outdoor.【Conclusion】In this research,the biological characteristics of the pathogen SCMN-BB-8 strain was clarified,and fungicides with better control efficiency were selected,which laid a foundation for the monitoring,prediction and prevention of this disease.