从贾宝玉神异书写探究其文化意蕴

A Probe into Depiction of JIA Baoyu’s Supernatural Powers and the Resultant Cultural Connotations

中国古代文学作品多用神异书写手法,《红楼梦》亦是如此,且运用得更为圆熟。贾宝玉形象之所以成为文学史上的经典,离不开神异书写的高超运用。从贾宝玉神异的来历、奇幻梦境与灵魂出窍、怪异的性格等方面,运用统计法、文本分析法分析贾宝玉神异书写的表现,揭示其中的文化意蕴。从文学传统与社会文化心理的维度看,贾宝玉神异书写彰显了神话思维因素、文学传统和以奇为美的美学传统;从作者主观创作意图的维度看,贾宝玉神异书写体现了作者对人物、情节、整体结构的精心设计,反映了专制文化下隐晦写实和突出主题的心理,也返观了主人公的自我生存状态。

Depiction of the supernatural powers is a commonly used narrative device in ancient Chinese literary works.The author of A Dream of Red Mansions uses this device more skillfully,especially in depicting JIA Baoyu’s supernatural powers.The reason why Jia Baoyu became a classic character in the history of literature is inseparable from the depiction of the supernatural.By using statistical and text-analysis method,this paper analyzes how JIA Baoyu’s supernatural powers is depicted,such as the origin of the supernatural,fantastic dreams,out-of-body experiences,and weird personality,and tries to reveal the resultant cultural connotations.From the perspective of literary tradition and social cultural psychology,the depiction of Jia Baoyu’s supernatural powers represents the mythical thinking factors,the literary tradition of ancient supernatural narrative,and the aesthetic tradition of taking strangeness as beauty.From the angle of the author’s subjective creation,he intends to metaphorize the character’s destiny,promote the plot development,realize the narrative construction,reflect tortuous realities while highlighting the theme under the authoritarian culture,and take the depiction of the supernatural as a parameter narrative to review the hero’s self-survival state.