基于上海市沈杨村的大都市近郊乡村道路建设思考

Reflections on Metropolitan Suburban Area Rural Roads Improvement Based on the Case of Shenyang Village in Shanghai

城乡融合作为我国的重大战略部署,是未来城乡发展的主要导向。其中城乡交通一体化是促进城乡融合的重要推手。长期以来,我国城乡道路的建设水平差距较大,在城市近郊地区需求与实际情况矛盾尤为突出。本研究通过分析乡村道路设计标准、相关法规文件及乡村道路建设的具体情况,梳理得出近郊乡村道路的问题主要在于:道路设计标准与实际需求不匹配、规划建设管理归口多样、管理养护责任落实不到位等。研究建议依托国土空间规划体系全域全要素的空间管理架构,探索统一的城乡道路规划建设管理养护体系,并将大都市近郊地区乡村主要道路纳入城市道路系统,推进乡村主要道路的规划、建设、管理、养护工作纳入城市道路系统,提升乡村地区道路的管理与建设水平。最后以上海市近郊地区顾村镇沈杨村作为实证分析,以期为推动大都市近郊乡村与城市的融合发展提供有益参考。

Urban-rural integration is strategic deployment from central government that guides future development of urban and rural areas in China, of which urban-rural transport integration is an essential part.There has long been quality gap as well as institutional difference between urban and rural road infrastructure.The gap between demand and reality for rural roads in suburban areas is conspicuous. By analyzing major regulations and standards on road infrastructure as well as specific circumstances, the research points out key issues:the mismatch between standards and demands, complication in responsible government units for planning and construction, as well as lack of management and maintenance. The research suggests exploring a unified system that integrates urban and rural roads at stages of planning, construction, management, and maintenance based on the wholistic spatial management structure constructed by territorial spatial planning system. It recommends application of urban standards to major rural roads in suburban area, and integration of such rural roads into the system of city construction and maintenance to improve the level of rural roads management and construction. Lastly, the article carries out a case study on a design project of Shenyang Village in Shanghai to provide an empirical reference for integrating metropolitan suburban areas with urban areas.