酵母硒对氧化应激肉鸡盲肠菌群的影响

Effect of yeast selenium on cecal microflora in oxidative stress broilers

选取80只3月龄康乐黄鸡,随机均分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复4只。对照组(CON组)和应激组(STR组)饲喂基础饲粮,酵母硒组(SY组)和酵母硒+应激组(SY_STR组)饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.5 mg/kg酵母硒的试验饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期21 d。试验第21天时,给STR组和SY_STR组肉鸡腹腔注射15 mg/kg敌草快,CON组和SY组注射等量生理盐水,24 h后,每个重复选取1只鸡,采集盲肠内容物样品,用于肠道菌群分析,研究酵母硒对氧化应激肉鸡盲肠微生物多样性、菌群结构及物种丰度的影响。结果表明:盲肠菌群α多样性指数在各组间的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);β多样性分析显示,与CON组和SY_STR组相比,STR组盲肠菌群结构分布相对零散,物种相似度较低;与CON组相比,STR组厚壁菌门与拟杆菌门相对丰度之比(F/B)、肠球菌属和埃希氏菌属–志贺氏菌属相对丰度显著(P<0.05)升高,毛螺旋菌属和嗜胆菌属相对丰度显著(P<0.05)降低;与STR组相比,SY_STR组和SY组拟杆菌门相对丰度显著(P<0.05)升高,F/B、厚壁菌门、Monoglobus和埃希氏菌属–志贺氏菌属相对丰度显著(P<0.05)降低;与STR组相比,SY_STR组Muribaculaceae未明确属相对丰度显著(P<0.05)升高,肠球菌属相对丰度显著(P<0.05)降低;LEfSe分析显示,与CON组相比,STR组梭菌目vadinBB60群、Monoglobus、丹毒丝菌科显著富集,与STR组相比,SY_STR组拟杆菌门、普雷沃氏菌科_UCG–001、拟普雷沃氏菌属、帕拉普氏菌属显著富集。可见,氧化应激能引起肉鸡盲肠微生物多样性和菌群结构的改变,添加酵母硒能够缓解氧化应激对肉鸡肠道菌群结构造成的负面影响。

A total of 80 healthy 3-month-old Kangle yellow chicks were randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates per group and 4 broilers per replicate. Broilers in the control(CON) group and stress(STR) group were fed a basal diet,broilers in yeast selenium(SY) and yeast selenium + stress(SY_STR) groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.5 mg/kg yeast selenium. The adjustment period lasted for 7 days, and the experimental period lasted for 21 days.Broilers of groups STR and SY_STR were injected intraperitoneally with 15 mg/kg BW diquat at day 21, and broilers of groups CON and SY were injected intraperitoneally with an equivalent amount of sterile saline at day 21. At day 22, one chicken was randomly selected from each replicate, and the cecal content sample was collected for intestinal microflora analysis to investigate the effect of yeast selenium on cecal microbial diversity, microbiota structure, and species richness in oxidative stress broilers. The results showed as follows: 1) There was no significant difference in the α diversity index of the cecal microbiota among all groups(P>0.05). The β diversity analysis showed that the cecal microflora structure distribution of group STR was relatively scattered and had lower similarity compared with groups CON and SY_STR. 2)Compared with the group CON, the Firmicutes to Bacteroidota ratio(F/B) and the relative abundance of Enterococcus and Escherichia-Shigella in cecum of group STR were significantly increased(P<0.05), and the relative abundance of Parasutterella and Bilophila in cecum of group STR were significantly decreased(P<0.05). Compared with the group STR, the relative abundance of Bacteroidota in cecum of groups SY_STR and SY was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the F/B and the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Monoglobus and Escherichia-Shigella of groups SY_STR and SY were significantly decreased(P<0.05). Compared with the group STR, the relative abundance of norank_f_Muribaculaceae in cecum of group SY_STR was significantly increased(P<0.05), and the relative abundance of Enterococcus of group SY_STR was significantly decreased(P<0.05). 3) Compared with the group CON, the abundance of Clostridiales vadinBB60 group, Monoglobus and Erysipelaceae in cecum of group STR were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the group STR, the abundance of Bacteroidota, Prevotellaceae_UCG-001, Alloprevotella and Paraprevotella were significantly increased(P<0.05). In conclusion, oxidative stress could cause changes in the cecal microbial diversity and microbiota structure of broilers;dietary supplemented with yeast selenium could intervenes changes of the diversity of cecal microbiota caused by oxidative stress in broilers.