长三角主题公园时空演化特征及影响因素分析

Analysis of spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of theme parks in Yangtze River Delta

近年来主题公园在中国长三角地区发展迅速,作为经济及社会文化地理现象,其时空演化特征及其影响因素的研究,对指导主题公园产业合理布局、发展及区域文化建设具有重要意义。采用最邻近指数、核密度分析法探究1985-2021年36年间长三角地区主题公园的时空演化特征,并应用地理探测器分析了影响其空间分布的主要因素。结果表明:(1)1985—2021年,长三角主题公园数量逐年上升且阶段性分布明显,其发展过程经历了“初步探索期”“缓慢增长期”“快速增长期”三个发展阶段。(2)主题公园空间分布经历了从离散到不断集聚的演化过程。主题公园空间分布总体呈现出中东部密集,四周多组团的分布格局,并呈现以所在的核心区不断向周围扩散的趋势。等级规模越大的主题公园在空间分布上越为均衡。不同主题内容的主题公园,以游乐休闲类分布最广,其余主题公园分布较为集中。(3)经济发展水平、交通条件是影响长三角主题公园空间分布的主要因素。研究最后根据所得结论提出相关建议,对长三角主题公园的空间优化提供一定的参考和借鉴。

In recent years, theme parks have been developing rapidly in the Yangtze River Delta region of China. The research on its spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and its influencing factors is of great significance for guiding the rational layout, development and regional cultural construction of the theme park industry. The average nearest neighbor index and kernel density analysis were used to explore thespatio-temporal evolution characteristics of theme parks in the Yangtze River Delta region during the 36-year period from 1985 to 2021, and the main factors affecting their spatial distribution were analyzed by applying geographic probes. Results show that:(1)From 1985 to 2021, the number of theme parks increased year by year and their distribution was obvious in stages. The development process experienced three stages: ’preliminary exploration’, ’slow growth’ and ’rapid growth’.(2)The distribution types of theme parks in the Yangtze River Delta experience an evolutionary process from dispersion to continuous agglomeration. It generally presents a dense distribution pattern with multiple clusters around in the Middle East, and shows a trend of continuous diffusion from its core area to the surrounding areas. The larger the level, the more balanced the spatial distribution of the theme park. Theme parks are most widely distributed in the amusement and leisure category, while the rest of the theme parks are more concentrated.(3)The level of economic development and traffic conditions are the main factors affecting the spatial distribution of theme parks in the Yangtze River Delta. Basing on the findings, relevant suggestions are put forward to provide some reference for the spatial optimization of theme parks in the Yangtze River Delta.