国家认同与伦理教化:中国和新加坡小学语文教科书榜样人物形象的比较研究

National Identity and Ethical Cultivation:A Comparative Study on Model Image in Primary School Chinese Textbooks in China and Singapore

小学语文教科书榜样人物的选择是一种具有价值立场和价值取向的行为,体现国家意志和社会主流价值观。通过对比中国统编版和新加坡名创版小学语文教科书榜样人物外在形象和内在形象的异同,研究发现两国语文教科书在榜样人物形象选择和塑造上存在着不同的价值取向。统编版站在国家高度和立场,强调对学生的国家认同教育,通过政治认同厚植爱国情怀。名创版则基于学校、家庭和社会三位一体共育的立场,逐步培养学生的伦理道德规范意识和公民基本素养。在厘清我国统编版小学语文教科书编写的根本原则和基本遵循的基础上,汲取新加坡教科书编写的有益经验,进而探讨两版教科书编写存在的不足和可改进的方向,能够为我国未来高质量小学语文教科书编写提供决策参考。

The models selected in primary school Mandarin textbooks are guided by value standpoint and orientation,which reflect the national will and mainstream social viewpoint.By comparing the external and internal images of the models that exist in the Unified Compiled Edition(UCE)of Chinese textbook compiled by the Chinese Ministry of Education with Marshall Cavendish Edition(MCE)of Mandarin textbook published by Singapore Marshall Cavendish Education Press,the study found that the selection and shaping of the models in the two editions of textbooks were quite different.From the viewpoint of the nation,UCE places a strong emphasis on teaching pupils their national identification and cultivating patriotism through political identity.While MCE gradually cultivates students’awareness of ethics and basic civic literacy based on the unity of school,family and society.After the basic logic of the Chinese textbook’s compilation and the experience drawn from the Singapore’s version were understood,the shortcomings and possible improvements of both editions were further discussed and the constructive advices were provided for the future development of high-quality primary school Chinese textbooks.