国家认同视域下中国和新加坡小学品德教育教科书比较研究——以中国部编版《道德与法治》和新加坡名创版《好品德好公民》为例

A Comparative Study of Primary School Moral Education Textbooks in China and Singapore from the Perspective of National Identity——Take“Morality and Law”Compiled by the Chinese Ministry of Education and“Good Morals and Good Citizens”Published by S

国家认同是指公民对本国的政治制度、历史文化、精神传统、地理风光与领土主权等产生的归属感。在中国和新加坡学校教育中,品德教育教科书作为国家认同教育的重要载体,具有重要研究价值。本研究通过对中新两国小学品德教育教科书的比较研究,发现两版教科书在政治实体与效能、行为文化、历史人物、自然地理层面存在共性之处;亦在政治认同的视域丰富性、文化认同的方向、民族认同的趋向以及地理认同的偏重四方面存在较大差异。基于比较的结果,本研究认为,两版教科书均需注重地理认同,加强领土主权意识教育;同时,部编版要加大民族认同比重,铸牢中华民族共同体意识;名创版则需要平衡国家认同各层面比重,健全学生国家认同的知与情。

National identity refers to the sense of belonging that citizens identify with their own national identity and their political system,history and culture,spiritual traditions,geographical scenery and territorial sovereignty.Moral education textbooks,as an important carrier of national identity education,have a high research value in school education in both China and Singapore.Through the comparison of primary school moral education textbooks in China and Singapore,this study found that while the two editions of textbooks had similarities in terms of political entity and efficacy,behavioral culture,historical figures,and physical geography,there were significant differences in the direction of cultural identity,the trend of national identity and the preference of geographical identity.Based on the results of the comparison,this study believed that the two editions should emphasize geographic identification and strengthen the education of territorial sovereignty awareness;at the same time,“Morality and Law”compiled by the Chinese Ministry of Education should increase the proportion of ethnic identity and forge the consciousness of the community of the Chinese nation;“Good Morals and Good Citizens”published by Singapore Marshall Cavendish Education Press should balance the proportions of various aspects of national identity,and improve students’understanding of their own national identity.