细胞外囊泡治疗椎间盘退变的研究进展

Advances in the role of extracellular vesicles in intervertebral disc degeneration

目的 综述细胞外囊泡(extracellular vesicles,EVs)治疗椎间盘退变(intervertebral disc degeneration,IVDD)的机制研究进展。方法 查阅国内外相关文献,总结EVs的生物学特性以及其治疗IVDD的作用机制。结果 EVs是一类由多种类型细胞分泌的双层脂质膜结构的微小囊泡,通过自身含有的生物活性物质,参与细胞间信息交流,在细胞炎症、氧化应激、衰老、凋亡、自噬等方面发挥重要作用。EVs能通过改善髓核、软骨终板、纤维环的病理生理状态,发挥延缓IVDD的作用。结论 EVs有望成为治疗IVDD的新策略,但具体机制有待进一步研究。

Objective To review the mechanism of extracellular vesicles(EVs) in treating intervertebral disc degeneration(IVDD). Methods The literature about EVs was reviewed and the biological characteristics and mechanism of EVs in the treatment of IVDD were summarized. Results EVs are a kind of nano-sized vesicles with a double-layered lipid membrane structure secreted by many types of cells. EVs contain many bioactive molecules and participate in the exchange of information between cells, thus they play important roles in inflammation, oxidative stress,senescence, apoptosis, and autophagy. Moreover, EVs are found to slow down the process of IVDD by delaying the pathological progression of the nucleus pulposus, cartilage endplates, and annulus fibrosus. Conclusion EVs is expected to become a new strategy for the treatment of IVDD, but the specific mechanism remains to be further studied.