老年慢性心力衰竭患者积极运动体验的质性研究

The active exercise experience in elderly patients with chronic heart failure:a qualitative research

目的探讨老年慢性心力衰竭患者的积极运动体验。方法采用目的抽样法,2021年10月—12月对南通市某三级医院26例老年慢性心力衰竭患者进行半结构式访谈,采用Colaizzi七步法对资料进行分析。结果共提炼出3个主题,知识是积极运动的前提,包括外部优势资源的输送,积极主动汲取新信息;信念是运动的动机,包括激发运动热情,促进运动自觉,增强运动信心;行为是运动的根本,包括运动处方个性化制订,运动依从性提升,运动体验正向激励。结论老年慢性心力衰竭患者能够在运动中形成正向情感体验,将内、外优势资源内化为运动信念,激发运动行为。护士应以知信行模式为指导,提高患者运动知识掌握程度,感知运动的正向激励,形成持续性运动行为。

Objective To understand the active exercise rehabilitation experience of elderly patients with chronic heart failure,and to provide a feasible basis for the construction of exercise rehabilitation intervention programs for elderly patients with chronic heart failure in hospitals.Methods The purpose sampling method is adopted,30 elderly patients with chronic heart failure in a tertiary hospital in Nantong were interviewed by semi-structured interviews,and the data were analyzed by Colaizzi’s seven-step method from October to December 2021.Results After the analysis of the interview data,3 themes were extracted.Cognition is the premise of patients’exercise rehabilitation,including the transfer of external advantages and actively absorbing new information;belief is the motivation of patients’exercise rehabilitation,including sports enthusiasm,sports awareness,and sports confidence;behavior is the foundation of patients’exercise rehabilitation,including personalized formulation of sports prescriptions,enhanced adherence to sports,and positive incentives to exercise experience.Conclusion In the process of exercise rehabilitation,medical staff should actively guide them to form correct exercise cognition,stimulate the motivation of exercise rehabilitation,and ensure the formation and maintenance of exercise behavior.