万玛才旦藏地影像叙事“万物皆善”之道探赜——兼论《撞死了一只羊》《气球》的传统文化重构

An Exploration of “Everything is Good” in Pema Tseden’s Narration of Tibetan Images

“万物皆善”是万玛才旦电影一直构筑的文化精神结构,也是其影像实践自觉的根本,其影视语法结构,既天然自带轮回观念、乐观积极等文化基因,又表达出对外界环境的形而上思考。《撞死了一只羊》《气球》描写藏地改革开放时代浪潮下社会变革中藏民的日常生活,通过至善、至诚、至美、至真的叙事演绎,实现了个体“超我”认同的寻找和“自我”的释放,在叙事方面有着很大的转变,从藏区日常的小故事、小道中隐含着人要到何处去的大道追问和思考,从“人的全面发展”向善性辩证思维角度对中华传统文化的精髓进行了巧妙的文化创新处理。

“All things are good” is the cultural spiritual structure that has been constructed in the films of Pema Tseden, and it is also the basis of his self-consciousness in video practices. His film and television grammar structure is not only the natural cultural genes such as reincarnation concept, optimism and positivity, but also expresses the metaphysical thinking about the external environment. “Killed a Sheep” and “Balloon” describe the Tibetan’s daily life during social change brought in the reform and opening era, and their seek for super-ego identification and ego-release. The narration undergoes a big change in which the essence of Chinese traditional culture is skillfully innovated from the dialectical thinking of goodness of “all-round development of human beings”.