我国小学科学教师队伍现状、影响与建议:基于31个省份的大规模调研

Current Situation,Influence and Suggestions of China’s Elementary School Science Teacher:Based on a Large-Scale Survey in 31 Provinces

为调查我国小学科学教师队伍现状,教育部基础教育教学指导委员会科学教学专委会于2021年下半年组织了覆盖全国31个省份的大规模调研,回收有效问卷131134份。教师队伍现状涉及队伍结构、职业素养和专业发展三大方面,调研发现:我国小学科学教师的队伍结构严重失衡,以兼任教师和文科背景占主流;知识与信念薄弱,信息技术应用等实践性智慧有待加强;专业发展羸弱,实验资源匮乏,缺乏精准化和专业化培训。建议完善小学科学的师资管理与督导机制,优化教师队伍结构;强化职前、入职和在职一体化的小学科学教师专业标准与发展规划;推动小学科学教育评价内容和形式改革,重视小学科学教学质量监测评估。

To investigate the current situation of elementary school science teachers in China,large-scale research in 31 provinces was organized by the Professional Committee on Science Teaching of the Steering Committee for Basic Education of the Ministry of Education in the second half of 2021,and 131,134 valid questionnaires were collected.The current situation of the elementary school science teacher workforce involves three major aspects:faculty structure,professional literacy,and professional development.The study found that there is a serious structural imbalance in the structure of China’s elementary school science teachers,with part-time teachers and liberal arts backgrounds dominating;weak knowledge and beliefs,practical wisdom such as information technology application to be strengthened;weak professional development,lack of experimental resources and professional training.It is recommended to strengthen the teacher management of elementary science,improve the supervisory mechanism,and optimize the structure of the teaching force;strengthen the professional standards and development planning of integrated pre-service and in-service elementary science teachers;promote the reform of the content and form of elementary science assessment and pay attention to the monitoring and evaluation of the quality of elementary science teaching.