功能性分权:建构现代政治文明的中国探索

Functional Separation of Power:The Chinese Practice of Constructing Modern Political Civilization

现代政治文明是人类在政治活动中取得的伟大成果,民主、自由、法治、清廉等是现代政治文明的基本价值,而分权是实现民主、自由、法治、清廉等价值的制度基础。经济基础决定上层建筑,中西方经济基础的显著差别造就了不同的政府、市场和社会关系,西方三权分立的分权理论无法指导中国的实践。功能性分权理论力图从中国实际出发,基于中国特色公有制的经济体制、中国政党与政府的整体性关系,提出决策权、执行权、监督权相互制约又相互协调的框架,探索中国政治自洽的内在逻辑、权力结构和运行机理,并致力于解决公权力体系与民主、自由、法治、清廉等价值的统一,构建中国现代政治文明的权力结构与运行机制。

Modern political civilization is the great achievement of human political activities.Democracy,liberty,the rule of law,integrity are the basic values of modern political civilization,and separation of powers is the institutional basis for realizing the values of democracy,liberty,the rule of law,and integrity.The economy determines the superstructure.Due to the significant difference in economic foundation,different government,market and social relations have been created,so the western power system of separation of powers cannot guide Chinese theory and practice.The theory of functional separation of power starts from China’s reality,fully considers the economic system of public ownership and the integral relationship between Chinese Communist Party and the government,then puts forward the framework of mutual restriction and coordination of decision-making power,executive power and supervision power,showing the proper internal logic,power structure and operating mechanism.It is committed to realizing the unity of democracy,liberty,rule of law,integrity and other values when the public power being used.The theory is both local in theory and feasible in practice,and has great enlightenment significance for the construction of China’s modern political civilization.