基于数据挖掘的中药治疗肾性贫血的用药规律研究

Analysis of medication rules of traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of renal anemia based on data mining

目的对中药治疗肾性贫血的方剂进行数据挖掘,探究中药治疗肾性贫血的用药规律。方法通过检索PubMed、the Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网、万方、维普和中国生物医学文献数据库等中英文数据库,筛选中药治疗肾性贫血的相关文献。采用Excel整理并统计所有方药的信息,包括单味中药使用频次、性味、归经、功效;利用R语言对各味中药进行关联规则分析和层次聚类分析。结果共纳入文献268篇,涉及中药169味,总使用频次3919次,其中使用频次≥100次的药物有黄芪、当归、白术、大黄、茯苓、熟地黄、党参、丹参、川芎,药物性味以温药、甘味为主,归经以脾、肝、肾为主,功效以补气、养血、活血化瘀、利水渗湿、攻下为主。关联规则分析结果显示,核心组方为黄芪、当归、白术、茯苓、党参。层次聚类分析结果显示,聚类结果划分为1、2、3层,其中黄芪和当归簇集分类始终相同。结论肾性贫血治疗用核心组方为黄芪、当归、白术、茯苓、党参,其中黄芪和当归在核心组方中处于中心位置,不可或缺;用药规律主要以补气、养血、健脾和化湿等为主,可根据患者的不同症状特点辨证论治,在核心组方的基础上加减其他中药。

OBJECTIVE To carry out data mining on the prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)for the treatment of renal anemia,and to explore the medication rules of TCM in the treatment of renal anemia.METHODS The Chinese and English databases including PubMed,the Cochrane Library,Web of Science,CNKI,Wanfang,VIP and CBM were searched by computer to screen the related literature about TCM in the treatment of renal anemia.Excel software was used to extract prescription information,including frequency of use,property and flavor,meridian tropism and efficacy of single TCM.Association rule analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis were performed for each ingredient of TCM with R language.RESULTS A total of 268 literature were included,involving 169 ingredients with a total use frequency of 3919 times.Among them,Astragalus memeranaceus,Angelica sinensis,Atractylodes macrocephala,Rheum officinale,Poria cocos,Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata,Radix Codonopsis,Salvia miltiorrhiza and Ligusticum chuanxiong were used more than 100 times.The properties and flavors of the drugs were mainly warm and sweet;meridian tropism mainly targeted spleen,liver and kidney;the function was mainly in replenishing qi,nourishing blood,promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,and clearing damp and promoting diuresis,purgation.The result of association rule analysis showed that the core ingredients were A.memeranaceus,A.sinensis,A.macrocephala,P.cocos and S.miltiorrhiza.Hierarchical cluster analysis showed that the clustering results were divided into grade 1,2 and 3,and the cluster classification of A.memeranaceus and A.sinensis was always the same.CONCLUSIONS The core prescription for treating renal anemia includes A.memeranaceus,A.sinensis,A.macrocephala,P.cocos and S.miltiorrhiza;among them,A.memeranaceus and A.sinensis are at the center of the core prescription and indispensable.The medication rule is mainly guided by drugs for invigorating qi,nourishing blood,strengthening spleen,and removing dampness.According to the characteristics of different symptoms of patients,dialectical treatment is made,and other TCM is added or subtracted on the basis of the core prescription.