乡愁乌托邦、时间哲思与废墟美学的呈现——对师陀小说《果园城记》的一种解读

Nostalgic Utopia,Time Philosophy and the Presentation of Ruin Aesthetics——An Interpretation of Shituo’s The Story of Orchard City

师陀在上个世纪40年代创作的诗化小说集《果园城记》不仅是作家本人个体生命情感的诗化呈现,而且彰显出了抗战时期那一代知识分子“乡愁乌托邦”的情感结构。这部小说集为行将消逝的乡土中国吟唱出了一曲无可奈何的挽歌,发出了关于“时间问题”哲性思考的独特声音;并由此对人类生命的普泛性存在处境进行勘探和追问,在回忆诗学的基础上营构出了一种具有中国古典文化特质的废墟美学。

Shituo’s poetic novel Collection The Story of Orchard City created in the 1940s is not only a poetic presentation of the writer’s personal life emotion,but also shows the emotional structure of the generation of intellectuals"nostalgic utopia"during the Anti-Japanese War.This novel not only sings a helpless elegy for the dying rural Chinese society,but also makes a unique sound of philosophical thinking about"time problem".Therefore,it explores and inquires into the universal existence situation of human life,and constructs a ruin aesthetics with Chinese classical cultural characteristics on the basis of recall poetics.