红土镍矿硫酸法工艺中MHP酸解液P204萃取除杂研究

Impurities Extraction from MHP Acid Solution in Laterite Nickel Ore Sulfuric Acid Process with P204

从复杂离子溶液中精准分离有价金属离子一直是湿法冶金领域研究中的重点与难点,溶剂萃取是目前较成熟的复杂离子分离手段。本文以红土镍矿硫酸酸浸工艺中MHP酸解液为研究对象,采用P204+磺化煤油为萃取剂从MHP酸解液中分离Mg^(2+)、Mn^(2+)、Cu^(2+)、Zn^(2+)等杂质离子,考察有机相P204含量、皂化率、硫酸浓度和萃取相比(O/A)对杂质离子萃取、洗涤、反萃效果的影响。结果表明:当有机相P204含量为30%、皂化率为65%、相比O/A为2∶1时,Mn^(2+)、Cu^(2+)单级萃取率达到90%以上,Zn^(2+)单级萃取率达到70%以上;当洗涤硫酸浓度为0.4 mol/L、O/A为5∶1时,Co^(2+)、Mg^(2+)单级洗脱率达到40%;当反萃硫酸浓度为2.5 mol/L、O/A为7∶1时,Mn^(2+)、Cu^(2+)、Zn^(2+)单级反萃率均达到80%以上。通过萃取、洗涤、反萃过程工艺优化,最终实现高离子浓度MHP酸解液中Mn^(2+)、Cu^(2+)、Zn^(2+)、Mg^(2+)等杂质离子高效脱除,为相似溶液体系的萃取除杂过程提供工艺指标参考。

Separation of valuable metal ions from complex metal-ion solutions has always been the focus and difficulty in the field of hydrometallurgy,and solvent extraction is a mature method for complex ion separation.In this paper,the MHP acid solution in laterite nickel ore sulfuric acid process was taken as the research object.P204+sulfonated kerosene was used as the extractant to separate Mg^(2+),Mn^(2+),Cu^(2+),Zn^(2+)from the MHP acid solution.The effects of P204 content,saponification rate,sulfuric acid concentration and extraction ratio(O/A)on the extraction,washing and stripping of impurities were investigated.The results showed that when the content of P204 in organic phase was 30%,the saponification rate was 65%,and the ratio of O/A was 2∶1,the single-stage extraction rate of Mn^(2+)and Cu^(2+)was more than 90%,and the extraction rate of Zn^(2+)was more than 70%.When the concentration of washing sulfuric acid is 0.4 mol/L and O/A is 5∶1,the single-stage elution rate of Co^(2+)and Mg^(2+)reaches 40%;When the concentration of stripping sulfuric acid is 2.5 mol/L and the O/A is 7∶1,the single-stage stripping rate of Mn^(2+),Cu^(2+)and Zn^(2+)reaches more than 80%.Through the process optimization of extraction,washing and stripping,the impurities such as Mn^(2+),Cu^(2+),Zn^(2+)and Mg^(2+)in the MHP acid solution can be effectively removed.This work,provide some useful information for the similar impurity removal process.