失败学习、组织创造力与突破性技术创新——基于电子信息技术产业的实证研究

The Influence of Failure Learning andOrganizational Creativity on Radical Technological Innovation——An Empirical Research based on the Electronic InformationTechnology Industry

突破性技术创新已成为电子信息技术产业实现高质量发展的主动战略选择。已有研究关注组织失败学习与突破性技术创新之间的关系,但对失败学习认知和经验反思的作用关注不够。基于电子信息技术产业的232份问卷调查数据,从失败经验转化为可利用知识的过程视角探讨组织失败学习、组织创造力对突破性技术创新的影响机制和作用路径。研究结果表明:组织失败学习中失败认知与突破性技术创新呈倒U型关系,失败分析和反思提升能显著促进突破性技术创新;组织创造力在失败认知、失败分析和反思提升与突破性技术创新的关系之间发挥中介作用。研究结论可以为企业从失败经验中有效汲取知识,助力突破性技术创新提供理论参考和实践支撑。

The radical technological innovation plays an important role in obtaining and maintaining sustainable competitive advantage for electronic information technology industry in China.The failure in the process of radical technological innovation in the electronic information technology industry is typically iterative and repetitive,and enterprises that are good at reflection often turn it into valuable knowledge,which arouses enterprises'attention to failure learning.However,the existing researches have not paid enough attention to distinguish between organizational failure learning and failure experience accumulation.And the existing researches seldom consider the influence path of failure learning on radical technological innovation.Therefore,based on the empirical learning theory and the creativity theory,this paper deconstructs organizational failure learning,introduces organizational creativity as a mediator variable,and explores the influence path and mechanism of organizational failure learning on radical technological innovation from the perspective of transforming failure experience into available knowledge.The paper uses questionnaire data to test the proposed hypotheses.The respondents are mainly topmanagement,managers of R&D departments and R&D personnel of the companies to ensure that the informants can be highly familiar with and match the questionnaire contents.The final 232 valid questionnaires are collected and the hypotheses are tested using methods of hierarchical regression and Bootstrapping.The results are as follows:Firstly,different dimensions of failure learning have differential effects on radical technological innovation.There is an inverted U-shaped relationship between failure normalization and radical technological innovation.In other words,moderate failure normalization can meet the enterprise's demand for diversified knowledge,and thus promote radical technological innovation.However,failure normalization focuses more on maintenance learning,it fails to analyze the deep-seated factors of failure and explore the root cause and transformative information.Therefore,excessive failure normalization will increase the innovation burden of enterprises and bring negative impact on radical technological innovation.Compared with failure normalization,failure analysis and reflective promotion focus more on creative learning.They can explore the deep reasons behind innovative activities through failure experience,promote failure experience into invisible knowledge and significantly promote radical technological innovation.The conclusion of this study effectively interprets the conflicting views of previous studies on the impact of failure learning on radical technological innovation.Secondly,organizational creativity plays a partial mediating role between failure normalization,failure analysis,reflective promotion and radical technological innovation.This indirect path indicates that the tacit knowledge absorbed by enterprises from failure learning needs to be deeply processed through organizational creativity,so that knowledge resources can be efficiently transformed into innovative ideas,so as to better play the role of failure learning in radical technological innovation.It expands the empirical learning theory and the creativity theory,and provides theoretical reference and practical support for electronic information technology industry in China to draw knowledge from failure experience for radical technological innovation.