微/纳米塑料与抗生素相互作用研究进展

Research Progress on Interaction between Micro/nanoplastics and Antibiotics

微/纳米塑料作为一种新型污染物,广泛存在于自然水体和土壤环境中。微/纳米塑料有着较大的比表面积、含氧官能团及较强的吸附能力,容易吸附水体中的各类污染物,包括抗生素类有机物。微/纳米塑料与抗生素结合形成的吸附体毒性会增强,而微/纳米塑料本身的性质及环境因素会影响到其与抗生物的相互作用。本文全面综述了微/纳米塑料与抗生素类有机污染物的相互作用机制,梳理了微/纳米塑料的性质,如种类、粒径和老化程度等对其吸附抗生素的影响,总结了环境因素,如pH、有机大分子、盐度、重金属离子和温度对微/纳米塑料与抗生素相互作用的影响,并对未来研究的重点内容提出展望,以期为进一步明晰微塑料和抗生素的吸附行为及机理、微塑料/抗生素吸附体的环境行为及对生物体的健康风险提供参考。

As a new type of pollutant,micro/nanoplastics widely exist in natural water and soil environment.Micro/nanoplastics have large specific surface area,oxygen-containing functional groups and strong adsorption capacity,and are easy to adsorb many kinds of pollutants in water,including antibiotic organics.The toxicity of the adsorbent formed by the combination of micro/nanoplastics and antibiotics will be enhanced,and the properties of micro/nanoplastics and environmental factors will affect the interaction between micro/nanoplastics and antibiotics.This paper comprehensively summarized the interaction mechanism between micro/nanoplastics and antibiotic organic pollutants,sorted out the influences of the properties of micro/nanoplastics,such as plastic type,particle size and aging degree,on their adsorption of antibiotics,and summarized the effects of environmental factors,including pH,organic macromolecules,salinity,heavy metals and temperature,on the interaction between micro/nanoplastics and antibiotics.The future research in this direction were prospected,in order to provide reference for further clarifying the adsorption behavior and mechanism between microplastics and antibiotics,the environmental behavior of microplastics/antibiotic adsorbents and their potential health risks to organisms.