国外STEM教育政策与发展趋势分析

STEM Education Policy and Research Trend Analysis

推动STEM教育是世界各国为培养科技创新人才、提升21世纪国家竞争力而实施的重要教育战略。对美国、英国、德国、澳大利亚等教育发达国家近五年STEM教育相关政策、研究报告等文献分析可知,STEM教育呈现如下趋势和特点。一是强化STEM教育战略地位。二是加大STEM教育投入,包括增大战略投资力度、加强师资财政支持和定向发放STEM奖学金。三是加强STEM师资队伍建设。四是加快STEM教育资源建设。五是推动STEM教育参与群体多样化。六是加深STEM教育国际交流与合作。这启示我们,为提升STEM教育质量,要强化顶层设计,健全STEM教育协同生态,提高师资队伍质量,并开放多元学习通道。

Promoting STEM education is an important education strategy implemented by countries around the world to cultivate scientific and technological innovation talents and enhance national competitiveness in the 21st century. Based on the analysis of the relevant policies and research reports of STEM education in the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Australia and other educational developed countries in the past five years, we can see that STEM education presents the following trends and characteristics. First, strengthen the strategic position of STEM education. Second, increase STEM education investment, including strategic investment, financial support for teachers and targeted STEM scholarships. Third, strengthen the construction of STEM teachers. Fourth, accelerate the construction of STEM education resources. Fifth, promote the diversity of STEM education participation groups. Sixth,deepen international exchanges and cooperation in STEM education. This enlightens us that in order to improve the quality of STEM education, we should strengthen the top-level design, improve the STEM education ecology, improve the quality of the teaching staff, and open multiple learning channels.