添加剂在电解锰中的应用及展望

Application and Prospect of Additives in Manganese Electrolysis

电流效率及产品质量是电解锰行业关注的重要指标,其与添加剂密切相关。SeO_(2)因具有抑制析氢反应、抗氧化、促进晶型转变等优点成为电解锰行业普遍使用的添加剂。阐述了添加剂在电解锰过程中对电流效率、晶型结构、沉积形态等的作用及影响机理。针对现阶段电解锰行业中存在的电流效率低、品控难以及主流添加剂SeO_(2)价格昂贵、具有剧毒性等问题,对新型高效低硒甚至无硒添加剂的研究现状及应用进行了分类梳理,探讨并展望了应用于电解锰行业中的添加剂的发展方向。在使用SO_(2)或者SeO_(2)作电解锰添加剂的基础上,论述了电解锰的工艺流程、基本原理、生产技术等,并对添加剂的作用机理进行了系统的探讨,同时对添加剂的影响机制和发展趋势进行了综述,以期为新型添加剂的开发和应用提供借鉴。

Current efficiency and product quality are important indicators of concern in the electrolytic manganese industry,which are closely related to additives. SeO_(2)has become a commonly used additive in the electrolytic manganese industry due to its advantages of inhibiting hydrogen evolution reaction,oxidation resistance,and promoting crystal form transformation,and the effect and influence mechanism of additives on current efficiency,crystal form structure and deposition morphology in the process of electrolytic manganese are expounded. In view of the problems of low current efficiency,difficult quality control,and the high price and high toxicity of mainstream additive SeO_(2)in the electrolytic manganese industry at this stage,the research status and application of new high-efficiency,low-selenium or even selenium-free additives were classified and sorted out,and the development direction of additives applied in the electrolytic manganese industry was discussed and prospected.Based on the use of SO_(2)or SeO_(2)as electrolytic manganese additives,this paper discusses the process,basic principle and production technology of electrolytic manganese,systematically discusses the mechanism of action of additives,and reviews the influence mechanism and development trend of additives,in order to provide reference for the development and application of new additives.