安徽某铜银铅多金属矿石工艺矿物学研究

Study on Process Mineralogy of a Cu-Ag-Pb Polymetallic Ore in Anhui Province

为了更好地选别回收安徽某铜银铅多金属矿,对该矿石进行了工艺矿物学研究,查明了矿石的矿物组成、主要矿物的嵌布特征及铜、银、铅元素赋存状态。结果表明:矿石铜、银、铅品位分别为0.64%、116.63 g/t、0.20%,可回收的有用矿物主要为铜矿物,银可作为伴生元素进行回收,铅品位较低,只能作为杂质脱除;矿石主要铜矿物为斑铜矿、辉铜矿和黄铜矿,常常两者或3种矿物共生嵌布并形成不规则片状,三种铜矿物集合体的嵌布粒度粗细不均,在+0.07 mm粒级的分布率为44.60%;元素Cu主要赋存在斑铜矿中,分布率为79.37%,其次分布在辉铜矿和黄铜矿中,分布率分别为9.52%和6.35%;元素Ag主要赋存在辉银矿中,元素Pb主要赋存在方铅矿中。根据工艺矿物学研究结果,斑铜矿、辉铜矿和黄铜矿是回收的主要目的矿物,辉银矿主要分布在斑铜矿或黄铜矿中,因此大多辉银矿可与铜矿物一起得到回收。由于方铅矿相对易浮,大多方铅矿也会进入铜精矿中从而影响最终精矿品级,因此建议采用浮铜抑铅浮选工艺。

The process mineralogy of a copper-silver-lead polymetallic ore in Anhui was studied to better selection and recycling. The emphasis was focusing on the mineral composition,dissemination characteristics of main minerals,occurrence state of copper,silver and lead. The results show that the grade of copper,silver and lead in the ore is 0. 64%,116. 63 g/t and 0. 20%,respectively. The recoverable useful minerals are mainly copper minerals. Silver can be recovered as associated elements. The lead grade is low and can only be removed as impurities. The main copper minerals of the ore are bornite,chalcocite and chalcopyrite,which are often two or three kinds of intergrowth and form irregular sheet. The inlaid particle size of the three copper mineral aggregates is uneven,and the distribution rate of the +0. 07 mm particle size is 44. 60%. The element Cu mainly occurs in bornite with a distribution rate of 79. 37%,followed by chalcocite and chalcopyrite with a distribution rate of 9. 52% and 6. 35% respectively. The element Ag mainly occurs in argentite and the element Pb mainly occurs in galena. According to the research results of process mineralogy,Bornite,chalcocite and chalcopyrite are the main target minerals for recovery. The argentite is mainly distributed in bornite or chalcopyrite,so most of the argentite can be recovered together with copper minerals. As galena is relatively easy to float,many kinds of lead ores will also enter the copper concentrate,thus affecting the final grade of concentrate. Therefore,it is recommended to adopt the flotation process of copper floatation and lead suppression.