细菌溶解产物胶囊联合布地奈德雾化吸入治疗对咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿免疫功能、气道功能的影响

Effects of bacterial lysate capsules combined with budesonide inhalation therapy on immune function and airway function in children with cough variant asthma

目的探究细菌溶解产物胶囊联合布地奈德雾化吸入治疗对咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)患儿免疫功能、气道功能的影响。方法前瞻性选取2020年1月至2022年5月在三亚市人民医院接受治疗的CVA患儿114例,采用随机数表法分为观察组和对照组,各57例。对照组行常规治疗以及布地奈德雾化吸入治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合细菌溶解产物胶囊治疗,均持续治疗2个月。比较两组患儿治疗疗效、临床症状缓解时间以及治疗前后免疫功能、气道功能。结果观察组总有效率为96.49%,高于对照组(84.21%),咳嗽缓解时间以及消失时间为(6.30±1.71)、(11.41±3.55)d,均短于对照组[(7.86±0.54)、(13.07±2.53)d],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、IgA及IgM分别为(62.04±4.91)%、(40.73±10.25)%、(1.65±0.20)g/L、(11.57±2.49)g/L,均高于对照组[(57.90±11.50)%、(36.22±5.38)%、(1.30±0.14)g/L、(10.15±0.67)g/L]。治疗后,观察组患儿的CD8^(+)为(25.92±0.80)%,低于对照组[(27.11±4.10)%],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患儿治疗后气道壁厚度、气道壁总面积分别为(0.83±0.09)mm、(3.91±1.22)mm^(2),均低于对照组[(1.17±0.25)mm、(4.85±0.98)mm^(2)],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论细菌溶解产物胶囊联合布地奈德雾化吸入治疗可有效提高CVA机体免疫功能,改善气道功能,促进患儿康复,值得在临床中推广。

Objective To investigate the effect of bacterial lysate capsules combined with budesonide inhalation therapy on immune function and airway function in children with cough variant asthma(CVA).Methods A total of 114 children with CVA who were treated in Sanya People’s Hospital from January 2020 to May 2022 were prospectively selected,and they were divided into an observation group and a control group by random number table method,each group 57 children.The children in the control group were given conventional treatment and budesonide atomization inhalation therapy,while the observation group was treated with bacterial lysate capsules on the basis of the control group,and the treatment continued for 2 months.The therapeutic efficacy,clinical symptom relief time,and immune function/airway function before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 96.49%,which was higher than that of the control group(84.21%),the cough relief time and disappearance time were(6.30±1.71),(11.41±3.55)d,which were shorter than those of the control group[(7.86±0.54),(13.07±2.53)d],and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,CD3^(+),CD4^(+),immunoglobulin A(IgA)and immunoglobulin M(IgM)in the observation group were(62.04±4.91)%,(40.73±10.25)%,(1.65±0.20)g/L and(11.57±2.49)g/L,respectively,which were higher than those in the control group[(57.90±11.50)%,(36.22±5.38)%,(1.30±0.14)g/L and(10.15±0.67)g/L],CD8^(+)in observation group was(25.92±0.80)%,which was lower than that in control group[(27.11±4.10)%],and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The thickness and total area of airway wall were(0.83±0.09)mm and(3.91±1.22)mm^(2) in the observation group,which were lower than those in the control group[(1.17±0.25)mm,(4.85±0.98)mm^(2))],and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The combined treatment of bacterial lysate capsules and budesonide atomization inhalation can effectively improve the immunity of CVA,improve airway function,and promote the recovery of children,which is worthy of clinical promotion.