土地经营权强度增进新型农业经营主体信贷可得性的路径研究——基于中国三个省份的清晰集定性比较分析

Research on the Path of Enhancing Credit Availability of New Agricultural Operators by the Intensity of Farmland Management Right: Qualitative Comparative Analysis of Clear Set Based on Three Provinces in China

作为农地流转和规模农业的核心力量,新型农业经营主体有着强烈的信贷需求。在“三权分置”已经成为农地制度基本架构的背景下,探索土地经营权对新型农业经营主体信贷可得性的增进路径,具有重要的理论与现实意义。从法律、事实和感知三个维度建立土地经营权强度分析框架,理论上探讨其提升新型农业经营主体信贷可得性的作用路径,并采用深度访谈和问卷调查法收集数据,基于组态视角,运用清晰集定性比较分析法(csQCA)进行实证检验,发现:单个条件变量并不构成信贷获得的必要条件,但存在三种类型共七条路径,在增进经营主体信贷可得性中发挥着较普适的作用;经营权入法的进步意义已初步凸显,在事实和感知维度的适配下,法律可以更好地增加信贷可得性;存在两种类型的“补充模式”,即“事实维度补充”型与“事实加感知维度补充”型,能够在法律维度缺失的条件下,“多重并发”形成增进信贷获得的多样化组态形式。鉴于经营权改革作用于新型农业经营主体信贷可得性的复杂路径,在强调完善经营权法律的同时,也需注重经营权在事实维度与感知维度的强权与赋能。

As an important force to realize agricultural modernization,new agricultural operators(NAO)have a strong need forcredit,but they are facing financing difficulties. Against the background that“separation of three rights”has become the basic structureof agricultural land system,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to explore the path of land management rights to enhancethe credit availability of new agricultural management subjects. This paper establishes an analysis framework for the intensity of landmanagement rights from three dimensions of law,fact and perception,theoretically discusses its role in improving the credit availabilityof NAO,and uses clear set qualitative comparative analysis(csQCA)to make an empirical test. We find that:(1)A single condition-al variable does not constitute a necessary condition for credit access,but there are three types,a total of seven paths,which play amore universal role in improving the credit availability for NAO.(2)The progressive significance of land management right legislationhas been preliminarily highlighted. With the adaptation of fact and perception dimension,the law can better increase the availability ofcredit.(3)There are two types of“supplementary mode”,namely“fact dimension supplement”and“fact and perception dimensionsupplement”,which can form a diversified configuration to improve credit access under the condition of the absence of legal dimension.As a complex path for the reform of management rights to affect the credit availability of new agricultural operators,it is necessary to fo-cus on the empowerment of management rights in the factual and perceptual dimensions while improving the laws on management rights.