“佛得角中文教育发展模式”及对非洲中文教育的启示

Implications of the “Cape Verde Model” for Chinese Language Education in Africa

佛得角距离中国遥远,中文教育发展的先天条件不足,但近10年来中文教育发展趋势良好。文章通过实地调查与研究,将佛得角中文教育发展历程总结为“两个阶段”“四个特点”和“两个模式”。两个阶段为民间自发阶段与中佛合作阶段,呈现出一所孔院推动整个国家中文教育发展、以民间活动为纽带、契合当地教育政策、经济来往助力中文教育发展的四个特点。通过对其发展历程和特点的分析,可将其模式概括为“移植式发展”模式与“双方共议+中方主导实施”模式。在此基础上提出五点启示:要重视民间交往,发掘当地中文教育的可能性;积极与教育部门沟通开展合作项目;加强孔子学院本土化进程以实现可持续发展;支持非洲国家经济建设,改善中文传播的外部环境;建立非洲区域间中文教育发展合作组织,开展非洲地区中文教育校际交流活动。

Cape Verde is far away from China and has insufficient innate conditions for the development of Chinese language education.However, there has been a positive trend in the Chinese language education in Cape Verde in the last 10 years.This paper summarizes the development of the Chinese language education in Cape Verde into “two stages”,“four characteristics” and “two models” based on the field research.The two stages are the initiative stage without government support and the Sino-Capeverdean cooperation stage, which show four characteristics: one Confucius Institute promotes the development of the Chinese language education in the whole country;private activities play the intermediary role;efforts are made to follow the local education policy;economic exchanges help the development of Chinese language education.It concludes that there are two models with their own characteristics in their development history: the “transplanted development” model and “mutual negotiation+China-led implementation” model.With this, the paper finally reveals the implications in five aspects: it is necessary to attach importance to non-governmental contacts and explore the potential and possibilities of local Chinese education, actively negotiate with the local education departments to carry out cooperation projects, promote the localization process of the Confucius Institute to achieve sustainable development, support the economic construction of the African countries to improve the external environment for Chinese language dissemination, and establish inter-regional cooperative organizations promoting Chinese language education in Africa and carry out inter-school exchanges in Chinese language education in Africa.