基于中西医临床病症特点的周围性面瘫动物模型分析

Analysis of An Animal Model of Peripheral Facial Palsy Based on Clinical Characteristics of Chinese and Western Medicine

目的 基于周围性面瘫中西医病症临床特点,对现有的周围性面瘫模型进行总结分析,系统评估模型的临床吻合度,以期为临床应用提供参考依据。方法 总结现有的国内外周围性面瘫动物模型资料,依据周围性面瘫中西医病症临床特点,对其进行分析研究,系统评估模型的临床吻合度。结果 现有的周围性面瘫动物模型以压榨法和神经切断法应用最广泛,寒冷刺激法可模拟临床致病因素,压榨法、神经切断法与面瘫的西医临床诊断标准吻合度高,且方法简便、快捷、病理变化广泛、受损面积小。结论 现有的动物模型西医临床诊断标准吻合度较高,中医吻合度普遍较低,缺少中医证候的体现。在未来进行模型制备时,可根据中医致病因素,模拟生活环境对其刺激,制定统一神经损伤的标准,采用多因素造模方法模拟周围性面瘫的病理进程,从而建立更加符合中医临床病症特点的周围性面瘫动物模型,为治疗提供一定的思路。

Objective To summarize and analyze the existing models of peripheral facial palsy based on the clinical characteristics of Chinese and western medicine,and to systematically evaluate the degree of coincidence between the clinic and the model. The aim of this study is to provide reference for clinical application.Methods The existing domestic and international data on animal models of peripheral facial palsy were summarized and analyzed according to the clinical characteristics of Chinese and western medicine. Then the degree of coincidence between the clinic and the model was systematically evaluated.Results The existing animal models of peripheral facial palsy are most widely made by the compression method and neurotomy. The cold stimulation method can simulate the clinical causative factors,and the models established by the compression method and nerve dissection method are in good agreement with the western clinical diagnostic criteria of facial palsy. These two methods are simple,fast,which show extensive pathological changes and small damaged areas.Conclusion The existing animal models have a high degree of agreement with western medical clinical diagnostic criteria and a generally low degree of agreement with that of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),which are lack of the manifestations of TCM syndromes. In preparing the models for the future, we can simulate the stimulation of the living environment according to the TCM pathogenic factors, develop the criteria of unified nerve injury, and adopt a multi-factor modeling method to simulate the pathological process of peripheral facial palsy. It is an urgent need to establish an animal model of peripheral facial palsy that is more consistent with the characteristics of the clinical disease and provide certain ideas for treatment.