饲料中真菌毒素含量的分析研究

Analysis of mycotoxin content in feed

为了解掌握黄曲霉毒素B_(1)和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(呕吐毒素)2种真菌毒素在饲料中的污染状况,对117份饲料样品进行检测。采用免疫亲和柱净化—高效液相色谱法检测,依据《饲料卫生标准》(GB13078—2017)对检测结果进行判定分析。结果表明,黄曲霉毒素B_(1)和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇平均检出率分别为52.1%和44.4%,最大检测值分别为13.64μg/kg和2.37mg/kg。饲料样品中黄曲霉毒素B_(1)和呕吐毒素均有检出的共24批,检出率为20.5%。从检测结果得出,黄曲霉毒素B_(1)存在超标现象,不合格率为0.85%;在饲料样品中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇虽有检出但无超标情况。这表明霉菌毒素在饲料中的污染情况普遍存在,今后应加大对饲料中霉菌毒素的监测力度。

In order to understand the contamination status of two mycotoxins,Aflatoxins B_(1) and deoxyniniolenol(vomitoxin),117 feed samples were tested. Immunoaffinity column purification and high performance liquid chromatography were used for detection,and the detection results were determined and analyzed according to the Feed Health Standard(GB 13078-2017). The results showed that the average detection rates of aflatoxin B_(1) and deoxynivalenol were 52.1% and 44.4%,respectively,and the maximum detection values were 13.64μg/kg and 2.37mg/kg,respectively. A total of 24 batches of aflatoxin B_(1) and vomitoxin were detected in the feed samples,and the detection rate was 20.5%. The results showed that aflatoxin B_(1) exceeded the standard,and the unqualified rate was 0.85%. Deoxynivalenol was detected in feed samples but did not exceed the standard. This indicates that mycotoxin contamination in feed is widespread,and the monitoring of mycotoxin in feed should be strengthened in the future.