2005—2019年新疆维吾尔自治区喀什地区丙型肝炎流行特征

Epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis C in Kashgar,Xinjiang during 2005-2019

目的分析2005―2019年新疆维吾尔自治区(简称新疆)喀什地区丙型病毒性肝炎(简称丙肝)的流行特征,为制定丙肝防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对2005―2019年法定报告传染病报告信息管理系统中新疆喀什地区报告的丙肝病例的流行病学特征进行统计分析。结果2005―2019年喀什地区全人群丙肝发病率总体呈上升趋势,年均上升速度为11.5%,2005―2013年上升速度较快,2013―2019年发病率无明显波动。从2015年开始,喀什地区丙肝病例报告数跃居全疆首位。流行特征主要有:地区分布不平衡、以女性为主,年龄主要集中在40~<75岁,职业主要是农民。结论新疆喀什地区丙肝流行形势较为严重,40~<75岁人群,女性、农村居民是丙肝感染的重点人群,应尽快对该人群开展流行病学调查,摸清感染的危险因素,并采取有效的预防及治疗措施,遏制丙肝在该人群中流行。

Objective We aims to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis C in Kashgar,Xinjiang Province from 2005 to 2019,so as to provide scientific evidence for the hepatitis C prevention and treatment strategies.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to statistically analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis C cases reported in Kashgar,Xinjiang from 2005-2019 in National Notifiable Disease Report System(NNDRS).Results During 2005-2019,the incidence of hepatitis C showed an increasing trend,with an average annual increase rate of 11.5%.The incidence rate increased rapidly from 2005 to 2013,and did not fluctuate significantly from 2013 to 2019.Since 2015,the number of reported hepatitis C cases in Kashgar ranked first in Xinjiang Province.The main epidemic characteristics included unbalanced regional distribution,predominantly female,occurring mainly in the age of 40~<75 years old,and the main occupation was farmers.Conclusions The situation of hepatitis C epidemic in Kashgar,Xinjiang is relatively serious.People aged 40~<75,women,and rural residents are the key populations of hepatitis C infection.An epidemiological investigation should be carried out on these populations as soon as possible to find out the risk factors,and take effective preventive and therapeutic measures to curb the hepatitis C epidemic in these population.