何首乌多糖提取方法的比较研究

Comparison of different extraction methods for polysaccharides from Polygoni Multiflori Radix

目的:比较不同提取方法对生何首乌多糖的影响,同时初步探索了热水提取生何首乌和制何首乌多糖的差异。方法:以何首乌为原料,分别通过热水提取法、超声提取法、微波提取法制得多糖,并对不同提取工艺下多糖的得率、总糖含量、蛋白含量、重均分子量(Mw)、单糖组成和2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼(DPPH)自由基清除能力进行比较和研究。结果:不同提取方法所得何首乌多糖得率依次为:微波提取法[微波提取何首乌粗多糖(M-PMP)]>热水提取法[热水浸提何首乌粗多糖(H-PMP)]>超声提取法[超声提取何首乌粗多糖(U-PMP)];U-PMP的蛋白含量最高,Mw与其他多糖也有明显差别;单糖组成结果显示,不同提取方法的何首乌多糖中单糖组成相同,主要由甘露糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖和阿拉伯糖组成,但单糖组成的摩尔比有所不同。结论:3种提取方法所得的多糖成分存在一定差异,且不同提取方法得率差异明显,其中M-PMP得率最高;同时发现生何首乌和制何首乌中多糖成分可能存在一定差异,有待进一步验证。

Objective:To compare the effects of different extraction methods on polysaccharides from Polygoni Multiflori Radix,and to explore the differences of polysaccharides from Polygoni Multiflori Radix and Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata using hot water extraction.Methods:Polysaccharides from Polygoni Multiflori Radix were extracted by hot water extraction,ultrasonic extraction and microwave extraction,respectively.The yield,total sugar content,protein content,weight-average molecular weight(Mw),monosaccharide composition and DPPH free radical scavenging ability of polysaccharides were studied and compared.Results:The results showed that the yield of polysaccharides from Polygoni Multiflori Radix by different extraction methods was as follows:microwave extraction(M-PMP)>hot water extraction(H-PMP)>ultrasonic extraction(U-PMP).The protein content of U-PMP was the highest,and the Mwwas obviously different from other polysaccharides.The results of monosaccharide composition showed that the monosaccharide composition of polysaccharide from Polygoni Multiflori Radix by different extraction methods was the same,which is mainly composed of mannose,rhamnose,glucuronic acid,galacturonic acid,glucose,galactose and arabinose,with different molar ratio of monosaccharides.Conclusion:There are some differences in the polysaccharide components extracted by three methods,and the yield obtained from different extraction methods varied significantly,with the highest yield of M-PMP.Some differences were found in polysaccharides from raw and prepared Polygoni Multiflori Radix and Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata.