基于Orem辅助教育系统的思维导图式健康教育对老年2型糖尿病患者自我管理的影响

Effect of mind map health education based on Orem supportive education system on self-management of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

目的探讨基于Orem辅助教育系统的思维导图式健康教育对老年2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者自我管理的影响。方法选取2021年1月1日—12月31日滨州医学院附属医院老年科T2DM患者140例,按照随机数表法分为对照组和观察组各70例,对照组实施常规健康教育,观察组实施基于Orem辅助教育系统的思维导图式健康教育。3个月后,比较两组患者疾病知识、自我管理行为、生活质量、血糖[空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)]及血脂指标[三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)]。结果干预后观察组糖尿病相关知识(DKT)、糖尿病自我管理行为(SDSCA)评分均高于对照组(P<0.05),糖尿病生存质量评分(DSQL)、FBG、2 hPG、HbA1c、TC、LDL均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于Orem辅助教育系统的思维导图式健康教育有助于提高患者疾病认知水平、提升日常生活自我管理行为,有效控制血糖、血脂,改善生活质量。

Objective To explore the effect of mind map health education based on Orem supportive education system on self-management of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A total of 140 T2DM patients from the Department of Geriatrics of Binzhou Medical University Hospital from January 1 to December 31,2021 were selected and divided into the control group and the observation group by the random number table method,with 70 patients in each group.The control group received routine health education,while the observation group received mind map health education based on Orem supportive education system.Three months later,the disease knowledge,self-management behavior,quality of life,blood glucose[fasting blood glucose(FBG),2-h postprandial blood glucose(2 hPG),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)]and blood lipid indicators[triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein(HDL),low-density lipoprotein(LDL)]were compared between the two groups.Results After intervention,the scores of the Diabetes Knowledge Test(DKT)and the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities(SDSCA)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the score of the Diabetes Specific Quality of Life Scale(DSQL)and the levels of FBG,2 hPG,HbA1c,TC and LDL were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The mind map health education based on Orem supportive education system is helpful to improve the patients’cognitive level of disease,promote their selfmanagement behavior in daily life,effectively control blood glucose and lipid,and enhance their quality of life.