基于优劣解距离法、秩和比法和线性插值法的我国儿童保健工作质量综合评价

A Comprehensive Evaluation of The Quality of Child Health Care in China Using TOPSIS,Rank Sum Ratio and Linear Interpolation Methods

目的:运用优劣解距离法(TOPSIS法)、秩和比法及线性插值法对2020年全国31个省(区、市)儿童保健工作质量进行综合评价,对比分析3种方法对儿童保健工作质量评价的应用价值,为制定儿童健康发展规划提供参考依据。方法:收集2021年《中国卫生健康统计年鉴》中,全国31个省(区、市)的低出生体重率(%)、围产儿死亡率(‰)、5岁以下儿童低体重患病率(%)等6项反映儿童保健工作质量的常见指标,运用TOPSIS法、秩和比法和线性插值法分别对全国31个省(区、市)的儿童保健工作质量进行评价,采用Spearman相对系数法对3种评价方法的排序结果进行相关性分析。结果:相关性分析结果表明,3种方法的评价结果具有高度的正相关关系,其中,秩和比法和线性插值法排序结果的一致性最好(R=0.968,P<0.01),其次是TOPSIS法和秩和比法(R=0.845,P<0.01),第三是TOPSIS法和线性插值法(R=0.832,P<0.01)。虽然3种方法的评价结果具有高度的正相关关系,但是其评价结果仍有一定的差别。对3种方法评价结果进行综合排序,2020年儿童保健工作质量排名居前3位的省(区、市)是浙江省、上海市和江苏省,排名居后3位的省(区、市)是海南、河南和西藏。结论:3种评价方法的排序结果具有较强的相关性,运用3种方法对2020年全国31个省(区、市)儿童保健工作质量进行综合评价,能使评价结果更为客观、准确、全面。

OBJECTIVE To understand the development status and quality of child health care work nationwide in 2020,and to compare and analyze the application value of the three evaluation methods for child health care work.To provide a reference basis for future child health development planning.METHODS The TOPSIS method,rank sum ratio method and linear interpolation method were used to evaluate the quality of child health care in China,and Spearman was used to analyze the ranking results.RESULTS The results of the three methods differed to a certain extent,and a comprehensive ranking of the results of the three methods showed that the top three regions in terms of the quality of child health care were Zhejiang,Shanghai,and Jiangsu,and the bottom three were Hainan,Henan,and Tibet.The Spearman correlation analysis showed that the ranking results of the rank and ratio and linear interpolation methods were the most consistent(R=0.968,P<0.01),followed by the TOPSIS and rank and ratio methods(R=0.845,P<0.01),and the TOPSIS and linear interpolation methods(R=0.832,P<0.01).CONCLUSION The ranking results of the three evaluation methods have a strong correlation,and the comprehensive evaluation by multiple methods enables the ranking results to reflect the situation of child health care in each province of the country more objectively,accurately and comprehensively.