上海市某区外来吸烟人群尼古丁依赖状况调查及影响因素分析

Investigation and Analysis of Nicotine Dependence and Influencing Factors among Migrant Smokers in a District of Shanghai

目的:了解上海市某区外来吸烟人群尼古丁依赖状况,为制定控烟策略提供依据。方法:2020年8月—2021年3月对上海市“徐汇滨江建设者之家”吸烟人员共196人进行问卷调查,采用尼古丁依赖检验量表(FTND)对其尼古丁依赖状况进行调查,并分析影响因素。结果:65.3%的调查对象每天吸烟不超过10支;81.1%的调查对象考虑过戒烟;61.2%的调查对象至少戒烟1次,戒烟的阻力主要来源于周围人的影响。logistic回归分析结果显示:家庭人均月收入、戒烟的动力、戒烟的阻力、抑郁症筛查量表评分和焦虑症筛查量表评分是调查对象尼古丁高度依赖的影响因素。结论:调查对象对吸烟与健康状况的知晓程度较高,但改变行为的意愿很低。在未来的宣传教育工作中,应当针对影响尼古丁依赖的因素,实施个性化的控烟策略。

OBJECTIVE To understand the smoking status of migrant workers in a district of Shanghai and their awareness of smoking related knowledge, so as to provide basis for intervention and smoking control strategy. METHODS From August 2020 to March 2021 a questionnaire survey was conducted among 196 migrant workers in “Xuhui riverside builders’ home”, SPSS software was used to establish the database and carry out regression model statistical analysis. RESULTS 65.3% of the respondents smoked no more than 10 cigarettes a day;81.1% of the respondents considered quitting smoking;61.2% of the respondents quit smoking at least once or more. Resistance to quit smoking, anxiety and depression had significant effects, Logistic regression analysis showed that monthly household income, motivation to quit smoking and resistance to quit smoking, anxiety and depression significantly affected the degree of nicotine dependence of smoker. CONCLUSION The subjects in the study have a high awareness of smoking and health status, but their willingness to change behavior is very low. In the future publicity and education work, personalized tobacco control strategies should be implemented according to the factors affecting nicotine dependence.