老年人压力性损伤研究热点的共词聚类分析

Co-word cluster analysis of the research hotspots of pressure injuries among the elderly

目的分析PubMed数据库与万方数据库中关于老年人压力性损伤(PI)研究热点和研究趋势。方法检索2个数据库相关文献,检索时限为2018年1月1日-2022年6月26日。应用BICOMB软件对文献进行文献计量学分析,应用gCLUTO软件对高频词进行聚类可视化分析。结果最终纳入文献2041篇,其中中文文献1449篇(71.0%),英文文献592篇(29.0%)。国内外近5年来该领域每年发文量基本稳定。国内发文量高于国外,研究场所多聚焦于医院环境,而国外更多关注养老机构。中文文献聚类共6类:延续性护理对高危人群PI发生率的影响、长期卧床老人的综合护理、集束化护理研究现状、PI护理小组的预防效果、老年患者的常见并发症(PI)、老年人PI的风险评估。英文文献聚类共3类:养老机构PI的预防与护理质量、老年PI患者的伤口护理、老年人PI的风险评估。结论集束化护理是我国未来研究的热点趋势,国内外该领域的共同热点是老年人PI的预防与风险评估,未来国内研究还可以多关注于养老机构内的老年人PI的预防与护理。

Objective To analyze the research hotspots and research tendency of pressure injuries(PI)in the elderly in PubMed and Wanfang database.Methods Relevant literatures in two databases were searched from January 1,2018 to June 26,2022.The bibliometric item co-occurrence matrix builder(BICOMB)soft was used for bibliometric analysis,and the graphical clustering toolkit(gCLUTO)soft was used for cluster visualization analysis of high-frequency words.Results A total of 2041 articles were finally included,1449(71.0%)of them in Chinese and 592(29.0%)of them in English.The annual publication volume in this field had been basically stable in the past 5 years at home and abroad.The number of papers published in China was higher than that in foreign countries,and the research sites mostly focus on the hospital,while foreign countries payed more attention to nursing homes.Chinese literature was clustered into 6 categories:The effect of continuous nursing on the incidence of pressure ulcers in high-risk groups,comprehensive nursing for long-term bedridden elderly,research status of cluster nursing,preventive effect of pressure ulcer nursing groups,common complications of elderly patients(PI),and risk assessment of PI in older adults.The English literature was clustered into 3 categories:The prevention and nursing quality of PI in nursing homes,the wound care of elderly patients with PI,and the risk assessment of PI in the elderly.Conclusion Cluster nursing is a hot trend in future research in our country.The common focus in this field at home and abroad is the prevention and risk assessment of PI in the elderly.In the future,domestic research can also pay more attention to the prevention and care of elderly PI in nursing institutions.