在线光电离质谱在含能材料热解研究中的应用进展

Recent Application Progress of Online Photoionization Mass Spectrometry in Study of Pyrolysis of Energetic Materials

简要对比了含能材料热解研究中常见的几种测量方法及其优缺点,阐述了光电离质谱(PIMS)方法的“软”电离技术特点以及应用于热解产物分析中的优势;“软电离”可使产物在电离过程中几乎不产生电离碎片,便于快速进行复杂体系的组分解析,有利于在线检测含能材料热解过程中快速演变的中间产物;重点介绍了近年来基于放电灯光源和同步辐射光源的单光子电离质谱法和大气压光电离高分辨质谱法在NTO、FOX-7、FOX-12、CL-20等含能化合物热解研究中的最新应用进展,总结了实验中利用在线光电离质谱测得的新型热解产物与中间产物。最后,对光电离质谱在含能材料研究中的应用前景进行了展望。指出在时间分辨测量方面,通过优化质谱仪器和发展高亮度光电离源,光电离质谱有望实现毫秒或亚毫秒量级的时间分辨测量,将有助于研究高温、高压工况下含能材料热解和燃烧过程;在定量测量方面,有必要建立和完善含能材料及主要产物的光电离截面数据库。附参考文献61篇。

Several commonly used detection methods in the pyrolysis study of energetic materials with their advantages and disadvantages were briefly introduced.The"soft"ionization characteristics of photoionization mass spectrometry(PIMS)and its advantages in the analysis of pyrolysis products were described.“Soft”ionization can make the products ionize without generation of ionization fragments,which is convenient for the rapid analysis of complex systems.It is conductive to online detection of the rapidly evolving intermediates generated from the pyrolysis process of energetic materials.Recent application progress of PIMS in study of pyrolysis of energetic materials,such as NTO,FOX-7,FOX-12 and CL-20,were summarized emphatically.The PIMS methods used in these studies include single photon ionization mass spectrometry and atmospheric pressure photoionization high resolution mass spectrometry based on vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)light generated from discharge lamp or synchrotron radiation sources.The new pyrolysis products and intermediates detected by online PIMS were also summarized.Finally,the future opportunities of PIMS in study of energetic materials were prospected.For characterization of fast reactions,by optimizing the mass spectrometer and developing high-brightness photoionization sources,it is expected to achieve time-resolved measurement at millisecond or sub-millisecond.It will help to study the pyrolysis and combustion process of energetic materials under high temperature and high pressure.For quantitative measurement,it is necessary to establish and improve the photoionization cross section database of energetic materials and main products.61 References were attached.