籼稻中国起源说质疑

Questioning the Chinese Origin of Indica Rice

以往学者通常认为籼稻系我国原产,有着长期的栽培史,但近些年来考古学、遗传学的研究揭示出一些与籼稻中国起源论相悖的事实。而且,通过考察“粳”“籼”之名实、文献中所反映的水稻熟期特征,可以肯定籼稻在中国的栽培与唐代中后期占城稻的传入有密切关系。宋以前,籼为粳之异名,晚粳稻在南方占主流地位;晚唐以降,籼稻兴起,并且逐渐在南方占据优势地位,籼也逐渐成为籼稻的专名。

In the past,scholars believed that indica rice was native to China and had a long history of cultivation.However,some recent archaeological and genetic studies reveal that indica rice was not originated from China.Moreover,by studying the name and nature of jing(粳,japonica)and xian(籼,indica),as well as the records about the features of rice maturity in historical documents,it is certain that the cultivation of indica rice in China was closely related to the introduction of Champa rice in the middle and late Tang Dynasty.Before the Song Dynasty,xian(籼)was a synonym for jing(粳),and the late japonica rice was the main type of rice in Southern China.In the late Tang Dynasty,indica rice became popular and gradually took the place of japonica rice in Southern China.Since then,xian has become the proper name for indica rice.