播种机排种技术研究态势分析与趋势展望

Trend analysis and prospects of seed metering technologies

针对现有播种机排种技术研究态势缺乏定量分析,热点、重点和难点问题系统性和全面性梳理不充分等问题,该研究对已有排种技术相关文献进行计量学分析,从科研生产力、影响力和发展力等方面可视化呈现排种技术的研究态势,总结排种技术发展脉络和研究热点,并介绍国内外先进农机企业基于前沿排种技术开发的产品,分析其产业化应用情况和未来发展趋势。结果表明:排种技术呈波浪发展,当前处于高速稳态发展期;中国科研产出较多,影响力紧次于美国;代表性期刊有《Biosystems Engineering》《Computers and Electronics in Agriculture》和《农业工程学报》《农业机械学报》等;高影响力学者和机构围绕不同地区的典型农作物开展排种技术研究,推动了排种技术进步和机械化水平提升;排种技术发展脉络以实现功能为主的单一主题研究逐渐过渡到机构优化、机理分析、虚拟仿真等垂直细分主题的深入探索,现阶段排种技术的研究热点主要集中在高速兼用排种、播种均匀性、DEM-CFD耦合仿真、控制和监测系统开发。排种技术应用注重高效高性能装备研发,国内排种新产品研发处于跟跑阶段;随着新兴技术、多学科交叉融合和创新思维的应用,排种技术研究向高速高性能、精准精确、数字化、智能化等方面发展。研究可为把握排种技术领域研究现状、未来发展趋势和播种机具创新提供参考。

Seed metering can be widely used to deliver the seeds or fertilizers from the hopper at selected rates during planting.However,it is still lacking in the quantitative and comprehensive analysis of the current technology of seed metering devices.In this study,a metrological analysis was systematically conducted on the existing literature on seed metering technology,in order to visualize the research trend,in terms of scientific research productivity,influence,and development power.The development of seeding technology was also summarized from the hot topics in recent years.The agricultural products were introduced from the domestic and foreign advanced agricultural machinery enterprises using frontier seed arrangement technology.Finally,the development trend was proposed from the industrialization application at present.The results showed that the seed metering technology was developed in a high-speed steady state.Much more scientific research output and influence in China were close to that in the United States.The high-impact journals included the Biosystems Engineering,Computers and Electronics in Agriculture,Journal of Agricultural Machinery,and Journal of Agricultural Engineering.High-impact scholars and institutions were focused on the seed metering technology for the typical crops in different regions.As such,the seed metering technology was advanced to upgrade the mechanization level.The development trend of seed metering technology was gradually changed from single-topic research on the realization of functions into the in-depth exploration of vertical subdivision topics,such as mechanism optimization,mechanism analysis,and virtual simulation.The current research hotspots of seed metering technology were focused mainly on high-speed simultaneous seeding,seeding uniformity,DEM-CFD coupling simulation,control,and monitoring system.In addition,the high efficiency and performance equipment can be expected to be further developed in the application of seed metering technology,particularly for the new products of seed metering in the running stage.Emerging technologies,interdisciplinary integration,and innovative thinking can be applied to develop with high speed,performance,precise,digital,and intelligent aspects.This review can provide a strong reference to grasp the research status,development trend,and innovation of seeding machines.