特大型新能源基地面临挑战及未来形态演化分析

Analysis of the Challenges and Future Morphological Evolution of Super Large-scale Renewable Energy Base

在推动中国新能源高质量跃升式发展背景下,大规模新能源开发、汇集和远距离输送成为新能源建设的重要路径之一,特大型新能源基地成为未来的重要形态。由于缺少常规交流同步发电机组和可靠备用容量,特大型新能源基地稳定性挑战、新能源利用率与供电充裕性矛盾凸显,其形态结构及演化路径成为当前关切的热点问题。系统梳理了当前最新学术研究成果,研判特大型新能源基地未来可能的源网形态并做特征分析;进一步,面向特大型新能源基地系统强度弱、灵活性不足、源网协调运行矛盾突出等挑战,针对性提出源网协调规划、灵活性专项规划和系统强度提升措施的优化配置技术等规划支撑技术和关键场景运行技术;最后以张北特大型新能源汇集区为例,结合其资源禀赋分析新能源基地现状并研判未来源网形态发展趋势,提出适应张北特大型新能源基地未来发展的关键支撑技术体系,为张北特大型新能源基地近中期规划和可靠运行提供参考。

Under the background of promoting the high-quality and leap-forward development of renewable energy in China,large-scale development,integration and transmission via long distance of renewable energy has become one of the most important paths for China’s renewable energy construction.Super large-scale renewable energy(SLRE)base has become an important conformation for the future.Due to the lack of conventional AC synchronous generator sets and reliable reserve capacity,the challenge of SLRE base are prominent,including the stability of base,renewable energy utilization rate and power supply adequacy.Its morphological structure and evolution path have become a hot issue of current concern.This paper systematically combs the latest academic research results,studies and judges the possible power and grid form of SLRE base in future and analyzes the characteristics.Further,in view of the challenges of weak system strength,insufficient flexibility,and prominent contradiction between source and network coordinated operation in SLRE base,planning support technologies and key scenario operation technologies,such as source and network coordinated planning,flexibility special planning,and grid strength improvement special planning are proposed.Finally,taking Zhangbei SLRE gathering area as an example,combined with its resource endowment,this paper analyzes the current situation of renewable energy base and studies the development trend of power and grid form,and puts forward the key supporting technology system to adapt to the future development of Zhangbei renewable energy base,which provides reference for the short-term and medium-term planning,and reliable operation of Zhangbei SLRE base system.