省域水上光伏发电潜力分析评估方法及应用

Method for Potential Analysis and Evaluation of Water PV Power Generation Within a Province

分布式光伏是土地资源紧张条件下推进“双碳”目标实现的重要途径。水上光伏作为近年来一种创新的分布式光伏开发方式受到了广泛关注,现行政策也对水上光伏开发做出了细致管理规定。提出一种基于遥感信息的水上光伏发电潜力评估方法,旨在为水上光伏发电资源与项目开发的科学论证和精准评估提供一种手段。方法基于开放的遥感影像处理平台获取遥感影像并计算水体指数,通过大津法确定阈值、提取全部水体面积,并利用制图工具ArcMap按照各项影响因素对水面面积逐级折减;然后通过将水体划分成若干格网,计算各格网内可安装光伏水体面积和可配置光伏装机容量;结合典型气象年太阳辐射数据得到水上光伏发电潜力;最后,计算不同开发率下水上光伏发电潜力。以江苏省为例进行了水上光伏发电潜力评估分析并进行了验证,提供了一种在省域范围进行水上光伏发电潜力评估的技术手段。

Development of distributed photovoltaics are an important way to achieve the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality under the condition of land resources shortage.As an innovative distributed photovoltaic development method in recent years,photovoltaic on water has received extensive attention.Current policy has also made detailed regulations on the exploitation of photovoltaic on water project.This paper proposes a method for evaluating the potential of photovoltaic power generation on water based on remote sensing information,which aims to provide a new tool for scientific demonstration and accurate evaluation of photovoltaic power generation resources and project exploitation on water.Based on the open remote sensing image processing platform,this method obtains remote sensing images,calculates the water body index,determines the threshold value by the OTSU method and extracts the entire water body area.The area is reduced step by step according to various influencing factors using the mapping tool ArcMap.By dividing the water body into several grids,the area of the water body that can be installed with photovoltaics and the configurable installed capacity of photovoltaics in each grid are then calculated.Then,combined with the solar radiation data of typical meteorological years,the photovoltaic power generation potential on water is obtained.Finally,the potential of photovoltaic power generation on water under different development rates is calculated.As an example,this method is used to evaluate the potential of photovoltaic power generation on water of Jiangsu Province.The paper provides a technical means to evaluate the potential of photovoltaic power generation on water in the province.