农地确权促进农村共富的效力多大

How Does Land Certification Promote Common Prosperity in Rural China?

本文利用浙江大学中国家庭大数据库(Chinese Family Database,CFD),从常住地、人地关系和生产关系的角度,定义了四类农户样本,并使用双重差分模型实证研究农地确权与农户收入的关系。研究发现,农地确权对长期务农家庭的农业经营收入和土地流转租金收入没有显著影响;不过,农地确权会激励土地承包户提高务农概率,从而提高整体上的农业经营收入;他也会促使非农就业家庭将闲置土地转出,从而增加土地租金收入。研究还发现,农地确权对抵押土地贷款的影响不显著,因而很难通过间接途径增加农户收入。本文认为农地细碎化、土地流转的非正规化、农业生产的低机械化以及农户融资难、融资贵等问题,是农地确权增收效力受到限制的主要原因。更加深入的土地制度改革是进一步激发农民增收活力并最终促进农村共同富裕的主要方向。

Based on Chinese Family Database of Zhejiang University,this paper defines four types of farmers according to permanent residence,man-land relationship,and production relationship,and empirically studies how land certification influences farmers’income using a difference-in-difference model.The paper finds that land certification has no significant effect on agricultural operating income and land rental income of long-term farming families.However,land certification can motivate land contractors to engage in agricultural production and increase the overall agriculture operation income.Moreover,land certification can motivate non-farm-employed rural families to rent out land and increase land rental income.It is also found that the effect of land certification on mortgage loans is not significant.Therefore,it’s hard to increase household income in indirect ways.This paper argues that main reasons for the limited effectiveness of land certification are fragmentation of farmland,informality of land transfer,low mechanization of agricultural production and credit constraint of farmers.Further land system reform is the main direction to stimulate rural development and increase rural household income.