基于随机森林回归的管状带式输送机用托辊优化设计

Optimization design of roller for tubular belt conveyor based on RFR

在管状带式输送机运输过程中,托辊在圆管带的接触载荷激励下会产生振动噪声,这是管状带式输送机运输过程中的主要噪声源。托辊参数的优化设计,对于管状带式输送机整体的减振降噪具有重要意义。为此,以托辊为优化对象,对托辊在不同结构参数下的振动特性和噪声规律进行了研究,提出了一种基于随机森林回归(RFR)的管状带式输送机用托辊参数优化设计方法。首先,对托辊进行了模态分析,得到了托辊的振动特性,确定了托辊的优化方向;基于有限元-边界元混合声场仿真方法,以现场采集的托辊受力频谱作为激励,探究了托辊在不同结构参数影响下的振动噪声及规律;然后,开发了基于RFR算法的机器学习模型,建立了托辊结构参数与噪声值之间的设计数据库,结合约束条件,得到了托辊参数的最优解;最后,针对优化后的托辊结构进行了仿真分析。研究结果表明,当托辊的直径为152 mm、厚度为6 mm、材料为普通钢、轴径为30 mm时,取得最优解,优化托辊产生的振动噪声较原托辊降低了约13.4 dB;通过托辊的优化设计,可以为管状带式输送机整体减振降噪提供参考。

During the transportation of the tubular belt conveyor,the roller generates vibration noise under the excitation of the contact load of the round pipe belt,which is the main noise source during the transportation of the tubular belt conveyor.The optimal design of roller parameters is of great significance to the overall vibration reduction and noise reduction of the tubular belt conveyor.Therefore,taking the roller as the optimization object,the vibration characteristics and noise law of the roller under different structural parameters were studied,a random forest regression(RFR)based method was proposed to optimize the design of roller parameters for tubular belt conveyor.Firstly,the modal analysis was carried out to obtain the vibration characteristics of the roller,and the optimization direction was determined.Based on the finite-element-boundary-element(FEM-BEM)hybrid acoustic field simulation method,with the force spectrum of the roller collected in the field as the excitation,the vibration noise and the law of the roller under the influence of different structural parameters were explored.Then,a machine learning model based on RFR algorithm was developed,a design database between the structural parameters of the roller and the noise value was established,and the optimal solution of the roller parameters was obtained by combining the constraints.Finally,the optimized roller structure was simulated and analyzed.The result shows that the optimal solution is obtained when the diameter of the roller is 152 mm,the thickness is 6 mm,the material is steel and the shaft diameter is 30 mm,and the vibration noise generated by the optimized roller is reduced by about 13.4 dB compared with the original roller.The optimized design of the roller provides a reference for the overall vibration and noise reduction of the tubular belt conveyor.