家谱文化乱伦禁忌的心理人类学意义与当代复兴问题解析

An Analysis of Contemporary Revival of Genealogical Culture Based on Incest Taboo in Evolutionary Psychology

中国文化中的家族标志和核心内容,便是以姓氏为线索,按辈分取名字,将各辈分的后代区别开来,其次才是祖先传记、家族荣耀、家训家传等等。家谱的人类学意义就是防止乱伦,其心理学意义在于强化家族认同感和凝聚力。当今,家族成员广泛流动,家族家谱文化式微,姓名次序逐渐混乱,很多家族因为缺乏公认的族长,导致乱伦事件时有发生。特别是当代社会子女随母姓逐渐增多,尤其是生物基因库造成的生命伦理学后果,人类的乱伦禁忌受到挑战,生命伦理学成为热点课题。因此,新时代提升文化自信,复兴家谱文化,需要辩证理解家谱的文化学和心理学意义,辩证制定处理民间家谱修订活动的政策原则。

One of the fundamental differences between humans and animals is the taboo of incest, which is also the essential difference between humans and animals. The family symbol and core content in Chinese culture is to take the surname as the clue, take the name according to the generation, and distinguish the offspring of each generation, followed by the ancestral biography, family glory, family instruction, family biography and so on. The anthropological significance of genealogy is to prevent incest, and its psychological significance is to strengthen family identity and cohesion. Nowadays, traditional culture is falling apart, family members are widely flowing, family genealogy culture is declining, and the order of names is gradually chaotic. Many families have incest from time to time due to the lack of recognized patriarchs. Especially in contemporary society, children gradually increase with their mother’s surname, especially the bioethics consequences caused by biological gene bank. Human incest taboo is challenged, and bioethics has become a hot topic. Therefore, to enhance cultural self-confidence and revive genealogy culture in the new era, we need to dialectically understand the cultural and psychological significance of genealogy, and dialectically formulate policies and principles to deal with folk genealogy revision activities.