不同社会隔离状态的老年住院患者的护理关怀服务需求及优先满足排序研究

Research of nursing care service demands and priority satisfaction ranking of elderly inpatients with different social isolation status

目的调查不同社会隔离状态的老年住院患者的护理关怀服务需求及其优先满足排序,为提升医疗机构护理服务质量提供理论依据。方法采用目的抽样法抽取871名老年住院患者作为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、Lubben社会网络量表、自我感受负担量表、护理关怀服务需求Kano模型属性问卷对其进行问卷调查。基于Kano模型需求属性分类评估不同社会隔离状态的老年住院患者的护理关怀服务需求属性。采用TOPSIS法对不同社会隔离状态老年住院患者的护理关怀服务需求进行优先满足排序。结果93.3%的老年住院患者存在一定程度的社会隔离状态。根据Kano模型需求属性分类,无社会隔离状态的老年住院患者对19项护理关怀服务有一定的需求,存在家庭隔离状态的老年患者对21项护理关怀服务有一定的需求,存在朋友隔离状态的老年患者对17项护理关怀服务有一定的需求,存在家庭和朋友隔离状态的老年患者对23项护理关怀服务有一定的需求。为患者实施个性化护理、主动巡视患者、减轻患者症状是不同社会隔离状态老年住院患者必需的护理关怀服务需求。结论老年住院患者的护理关怀服务需求整体表现为普遍性高需求,不同社会隔离状态老年患者的护理关怀服务需求存在较大的差异性。医疗机构应根据老年住院患者的社会隔离状态,为其提供个体化的护理关怀服务。

Objective To investigate the demands of nursing care services and its priority satisfaction ranking of elderly inpatients with different social isolation status,so as to provide theoretical basis for improving quality of nursing services in medical institutions.Methods A total of 871 elderly inpatients were extracted as the investigation subjects by employing purpose sampling method.The general data questionnaire,Lubben Social Network Scale,Self-Perceived Burden Scale,and nursing care service demands Kano model attribute questionnaire were used for investigation.Demand attributes of nursing care services in elderly inpatients with different social isolation status were evaluated based on Kano model demand attribute classification.The TOPSIS method was used to perform priority satisfaction ranking on nursing care service demands in elderly inpatients with different social isolation status.Results The elderly inpatients(93.3%)presented social isolation status to a certain extent.According to demand attribute classification of Kano model,the elderly inpatients without social isolation status had demands on 19 nursing care services to a certain extent,those with family isolation status had certain demands on 21 nursing care services,those with friend isolation status had definite demands on 17 nursing care services,and those with family and friend isolation status had demands on 23 nursing care services to a certain extent.The implementation of individual nursing in patients,active inspection of patients,and alleviation of patients′symptoms were necessary nursing care service demands for elderly inpatients with different social isolation status.Conclusion The overall demand for nursing care services of elderly inpatients interprets universal high demands,and nursing care service demands of elderly inpatients with different social isolation status present great differences.Medical institutions should provide individualized nursing care services for elderly inpatients according to their social isolation status.